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Shloka 34

Pratyakṣa–Āgama–Ācāra: Doubt, Proof, and the Practice of Dharma (प्रत्यक्ष–आगम–आचारविचारः)

उमोवाच (एषां यायावराणां तु धर्ममिच्छामि मानद । कृपया परया<<विष्टस्तन्मे ब्रूहि महेश्वर ।।

śrīmaheśvara uvāca |

dharmaṃ yāyāvarāṇāṃ tvaṃ śṛṇu bhāmini tatparā ||

vratopavāsaśuddhāṅgās tīrthasnānaparāyaṇāḥ ||

dhṛtimantaḥ kṣamāyuktāḥ satyavrataparāyaṇāḥ ||

pakṣamāsopavāsaiś ca karśitā dharmadarśinaḥ ||

varṣāśītātapair eva kurvantaḥ paramaṃ tapaḥ ||

kālayogena gacchanti śakralokaṃ śucismite ||

Nagsalita si Umā: “O Maheshvara, tagapagkaloob ng dangal sa lahat! Nais kong marinig ang dharma ng mga yāyāvara (mga naglalagalag na asceta). Sa dakilang habag, ipahayag mo sa akin.” Sumagot si Mahādeva: “O marikit, makinig kang buong sigasig sa dharma ng mga yāyāvara. Nililinis ang kanilang katawan sa pamamagitan ng mga panata at pag-aayuno, at sila’y masugid sa pagligo sa mga tirtha (banal na tawiran). Taglay ang katatagan at pagtitiis, nakatuon sa panatang katotohanan, sila’y pumapayat sa pag-aayunong kalahating buwan at isang buwan, at ang kanilang paningin ay laging nakatuon sa dharma. Tinitiis nila ang ulan, lamig, at init, at nagsasagawa ng mabibigat na austeridad; at pagdating ng kanilang oras (ayon sa kautusan ng Panahon), sila’y lumilisan patungo sa langit ni Śakra.”

उमाUmā (Pārvatī)
उमा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootउमा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid/spoke
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
एषाम्of these
एषाम्:
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
यायावराणाम्of the wandering ascetics (yāyāvaras)
यायावराणाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootयायावर
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
धर्मम्duty/law/observance
धर्मम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
इच्छामिI wish/desire
इच्छामि:
TypeVerb
Rootइष्
FormPresent (Laṭ), 1st, Singular, Parasmaipada
मानदO giver of honor (honorer)
मानद:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootमानद
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
कृपयाby compassion
कृपया:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकृपा
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
परयाsupreme/great
परया:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootपरा
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
आविष्टःentered/possessed; moved (by)
आविष्टः:
TypeVerb
Rootआ-विश्
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
तत्that
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
मेto me
मे:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormDative, Singular
ब्रूहिtell (me)
ब्रूहि:
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू
FormImperative (Loṭ), 2nd, Singular, Parasmaipada
महेश्वरO Great Lord (Maheśvara)
महेश्वर:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootमहेश्वर
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

श्रीमहेश्वर उवाच

Ś
Śrī Maheśvara (Śiva)
U
Umā (Pārvatī)
Y
Yāyāvaras (wandering ascetics)
Ś
Śakra (Indra)
Ś
Śakraloka (Indra’s heaven)
T
Tīrtha (sacred ford/place of pilgrimage)

Educational Q&A

The dharma of wandering ascetics is defined by disciplined vows and fasting, devotion to sacred bathing, truthfulness, patience, and endurance of hardship; such sustained self-restraint is presented as a path to purified conduct and a meritorious afterlife.

Umā asks Maheśvara to explain the practices of different forest-ascetic groups; in this verse he begins describing the yāyāvaras, listing their austerities and virtues and stating that, when their destined time arrives, they attain Śakra’s heaven.