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Shloka 22

अध्याय १२८: शिव–उमा संवादः — तिलोत्तमा, श्मशान-मेध्यता, तथा चातुर्वर्ण्य-धर्मः

Chapter 128: Śiva–Umā Dialogue—Tilottamā, the Ritual Valence of the Śmaśāna, and the Fourfold Duty-Code

(सुदुर्विनीत: पुत्रो वा जामाता वा प्रमार्जक: । दारा वा प्रतिकूलास्ते तेनासि हरिण: कृश: ।।

sudurvinītaḥ putro vā jāmātā vā pramārjakaḥ | dārā vā pratikūlāste tenāsi hariṇaḥ kṛśaḥ ||

bhrātaro'tīva viṣamāḥ pitā vā kṣutkṣato mṛtaḥ | mātā jyeṣṭho gururvāpi tenāsi hariṇaḥ kṛśaḥ ||

brāhmaṇo vā hato gaurvā brahmasvaṃ vā hṛtaṃ purā | devasvaṃ vādhikaṃ kāle tenāsi hariṇaḥ kṛśaḥ ||

hṛtadāro'tha vṛddho vā loke dviṣṭo'tha vā naraiḥ | avijñānena vā vṛddhastenāsi hariṇaḥ kṛśaḥ ||

vārthakārthaṃ dhana dṛṣṭvā svāṃ śrīrvāpi paraiḥ hṛtā | vṛttirvā durjanāpekṣā tenāsi hariṇaḥ kṛśaḥ ||

iṣṭabhāryasya te nūnaṃ prātiveśyo mahādhanaḥ | yuvā sulalitaḥ kāmī tenāsi hariṇaḥ kṛśaḥ ||

Wika ng Brahmana: “Marahil ang iyong anak ay walang disiplina; o ang iyong manugang ay isang ‘tagawalis’ na winalis palabas ang yaman ng iyong sambahayan; marahil ang iyong asawa ay salungat ang ugali—kaya ikaw ay lalo pang pumapayat at namumutla. O marahil ang iyong mga kapatid ay labis na tuso at baluktot; o ang iyong ama’y namatay na pinahina ng gutom; o ang iyong ina, ang nakatatandang kapatid, o ang iyong mga guro ay pumanaw rin nang gayon—kaya ikaw ay payat at maputla. O marahil minsan ay nakapatay ka ng isang Brahmana o ng isang baka; o noon ay nagnakaw ka ng ari-arian ng mga Brahmana; o sa isang panahon ay kumuha ka nang labis sa pag-aari ng mga diyos—kaya ikaw ay payat at maputla. O marahil ang iyong asawa ay dinukot; o ikaw ay tumanda na; o ang mga tao sa daigdig ay nagsimulang mamuhi sa iyo; o ikaw ay ‘lumaki’ sa kamangmangan—kaya ikaw ay payat at maputla. O, nang makita nilang may ipon kang yaman para sa katandaan, inagaw ng iba ang sarili mong kasaganaan; o para sa ikabubuhay, kailangan mong umasa sa masasamang tao—kaya ikaw ay payat at maputla. O tunay nga, dahil may minamahal kang asawa, may naninirahang malapit sa iyo na kapitbahay na napakayaman—batang-bata, guwapo, at mapagnasa—kaya ikaw ay payat at maputla.”

सुदुर्विनीतःvery ill-disciplined
सुदुर्विनीतः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसुदुर्विनीत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पुत्रःson
पुत्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
जामाताson-in-law
जामाता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootजामातृ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
प्रमार्जकःone who cleans/sweeps (i.e., one who wipes out/appropriates)
प्रमार्जकः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्रमार्जक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
दाराःwife (lit. wives; used for spouse)
दाराः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदार
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
प्रतिकूलाःhostile, adverse
प्रतिकूलाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रतिकूल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तेthey (those of yours)
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormNominative, Plural, Masculine
तेनby that, because of that
तेन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
असिyou are
असि:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormPresent, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
हरिणःpale/yellowish (lit. deer-colored)
हरिणः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootहरिण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कृशःthin, emaciated
कृशः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootकृश
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

ब्राह्मण उवाच

B
brāhmaṇa (speaker)
P
putra (son)
J
jāmātā (son-in-law)
D
dārā/bhāryā (wife)
B
bhrātaraḥ (brothers)
P
pitā (father)
M
mātā (mother)
J
jyeṣṭha (elder brother)
G
guru (teachers/elders)
B
brāhmaṇa (as potential victim)
G
gauḥ (cow)
B
brahmasvam (Brahmin-property)
D
devasvam (property of the gods)
P
prātiveśya (neighbor)

Educational Q&A

The passage probes the moral and social causes behind a person’s visible decline: domestic disorder, dependence on the wicked, social hatred, and especially grave transgressions like harming a Brahmin or cow or stealing sacred property. It implies that inner ethical failure and unresolved wrongdoing manifest outwardly as anxiety, loss of vitality, and misfortune.

A Brahmin addresses a man who appears emaciated and pale, offering a series of possible explanations—ranging from family troubles and bereavement to theft, abduction, old age, social enmity, and serious sins. The repeated refrain ‘therefore you are thin and pale’ functions as a diagnostic, pressing the listener toward self-examination and confession of the true cause.