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Shloka 14

Ādi Parva, Adhyāya 90 — Pūror Vaṃśa, Kuru-Pravara, and the Janamejaya Line

Genealogical Recitation

अष्टक उवाच ये ये लोकाः पार्थिवेन्द्र प्रधाना- स्त्वया भुक्ता यं च काल॑ यथावत्‌ | तान्‌ मे राजन ब्रूहि सर्वान्‌ यथावत्‌ क्षेत्रज्मवद्‌ भाषसे त्वं हि धर्मान्‌,अष्टक बोले--महाराज! आपने जिन-जिन प्रधान लोकोंमें रहकर जितने समयतक वहाँके सुखोंका भलीभाँति उपभोग किया है, उन सबका मुझे यथार्थ परिचय दीजिये। राजन्‌! आप तो महात्माओंकी भाँति धर्मोका उपदेश कर रहे हैं

Aṣṭaka uvāca: ye ye lokāḥ pārthivendra pradhānās tvayā bhuktā yaṃ ca kālaṃ yathāvat | tān me rājan brūhi sarvān yathāvat kṣetrajñavad bhāṣase tvaṃ hi dharmān ||

Wika ni Aṣṭaka: “O panginoon ng mga hari, isalaysay mo sa akin nang tumpak ang lahat ng pinakadakilang mga daigdig na iyong tinirhan at lubos na tinamasa ang kanilang mga ligaya, pati ang haba ng panahong ginugol mo sa bawat isa. O Hari, ilarawan mo silang lahat ayon sa tunay na kalagayan—sapagkat nagsasalita ka tungkol sa dharma na parang isang nakaaalam sa ‘larangan’ at sa ‘nakaaalam ng larangan’.”

अष्टकःAṣṭaka
अष्टकः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअष्टक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, 3, Singular
येwhich (those)
ये:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
येwhich (all those)
ये:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
लोकाःworlds/realms
लोकाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootलोक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
पार्थिवेन्द्रO king (lord of kings)
पार्थिवेन्द्र:
TypeNoun
Rootपार्थिवेन्द्र
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
प्रधानाःchief, principal
प्रधानाः:
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रधान
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
त्वयाby you
त्वया:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद्
FormInstrumental, Singular
भुक्ताःenjoyed/experienced
भुक्ताः:
TypeVerb
Rootभुज्
Formक्त, Masculine, Nominative, Plural, Passive (PPP)
यम्which (that)
यम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
कालम्time/duration
कालम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकाल
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
यथावत्properly, as it really is
यथावत्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथावत्
तान्those (them)
तान्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
मेto me
मे:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormDative, Singular
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
ब्रूहिtell (you should say)
ब्रूहि:
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू
FormImperative, 2, Singular, Parasmaipada
सर्वान्all
सर्वान्:
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
यथावत्accurately, in due manner
यथावत्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथावत्
क्षेत्रज्ञवत्like a knower of the field (like a sage)
क्षेत्रज्ञवत्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootक्षेत्रज्ञवत्
भाषसेyou speak
भाषसे:
TypeVerb
Rootभाष्
FormPresent, 2, Singular, Ātmanepada
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद्
FormNominative, Singular
हिindeed, for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
धर्मान्duties/laws (dharma-teachings)
धर्मान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural

अष्टक उवाच

अष्टक (Aṣṭaka)
पार्थिवेन्द्र / राजन् (the King, addressed)
लोकाः (various realms/worlds)
धर्म (Dharma)
क्षेत्रज्ञ (Kṣetrajña, ‘knower of the field’)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights ethical inquiry: Aṣṭaka asks for a truthful, detailed account of the realms and durations of enjoyment, implying that moral discourse (dharma) should be grounded in accurate knowledge of consequences and lived experience.

Aṣṭaka addresses a king respectfully and requests a precise description of the principal worlds the king has experienced and how long he stayed in each, noting that the king speaks authoritatively about dharma like a true knower.