Shloka 27

Devotpatti-nirūpaṇa — Hari’s Pūrṇatva

Completeness) and the Ritual Doctrine of Sāra (Essence

Devanagari script

त्रियामानन्तरं शाका निः साराः परिकीर्तिताः / जंबीरं शृङ्गबेरे धात्री कर्पूरं च चूतकम्

Transliteration

triyāmānantaraṃ śākā niḥ sārāḥ parikīrtitāḥ / jaṃbīraṃ śṛṅgabere dhātrī karpūraṃ ca cūtakam

Translation

Pagkaraan ng tatlong yāma, ang mga gulay ay sinasabing nawalan ng diwa. Gayundin, binabanggit sa ganitong diwa ang jambīra (citron), śṛṅgabera (tuyong luya), dhātrī (āmalakī), karpūra (kamper), at cūtaka (mangga).

Word by Word

• त्रियामानन्तरम्: after three yāmas
• त्रियामानन्तरम्: अधिकरण (कालाधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: त्रि + याम + अनन्तर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय, कालवाचक; तत्पुरुष (त्रयः यामाः तेषाम् अनन्तरम्)

• शाकाः: vegetables/greens
• शाकाः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शाक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine; collective usage), प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), बहुवचन (Plural)

• निः: without; devoid of
• निः: विशेषण-निर्माण (Qualifier formation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: निः (अव्यय/उपसर्ग)
• Form: अव्यय, उपसर्ग/पूर्वसर्ग (prefix used adverbially here)

• साराः: having essence (here: with निः → without essence)
• साराः: कर्ता-विशेषण (Subject complement)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सार (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; विशेषण (predicate adjective with निः)

• परिकीर्तिताः: are proclaimed/said to be
• परिकीर्तिताः: क्रिया (Predicate; passive)
• Type: Verb
• Root: परि-कीर्त् (धातु)
• Form: कृदन्त—भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (PPP), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• जम्बीरम्: lemon/citron
• जम्बीरम्: कर्म/उद्देश्य (Item listed)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जम्बीर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन

• शृङ्गबेरे: dry ginger (śṛṅgavera)
• शृङ्गबेरे: कर्म/उद्देश्य (Item listed)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शृङ्गबेर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, द्विवचन (Dual) (lexical dual usage for the plant-name)

• धात्री: āmalakī (Indian gooseberry)
• धात्री: कर्म/उद्देश्य (Item listed)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धात्री (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), एकवचन

• कर्पूरम्: camphor
• कर्पूरम्: कर्म/उद्देश्य (Item listed)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कर्पूर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (Coordinator)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• चूतकम्: mango product/preparation (cūtaka)
• चूतकम्: कर्म/उद्देश्य (Item listed)
• Type: Noun
• Root: चूतक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (in discourse to Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Pretakalpa Layer

Afterlife Stage: Yamaloka Journey

Shraddha Ritual

Ritual Type: Parvana

Beneficiary: Pitr

Timing: Vegetables lose sāra after tri-yāma; listed items are included in the same evaluative context

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Certain foods and aromatics are time-sensitive; after set yāmas they lose sāra, affecting suitability for sacred use.

Vedantic Theme: Guṇa-kṣaya under kāla; discernment (viveka) in selecting upādhis for ritual action.

Application: Use fresh vegetables and specified aromatics appropriately; avoid stale produce in rites and sacred feeding.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 3.14.25–29 (continuation of kāla-based sāra rules).

Characters & Entities

• Garuda
• Vishnu

FAQs

What is the importance of ‘three yāmas’ in Garuda Purana food rules?

This verse uses the ‘three yāmas’ time-mark to state that vegetables are regarded as niḥsāra (lacking essence) after that period, implying timing matters for maintaining the perceived potency/purity of offerings.

How does this verse connect to Garuda Purana death rituals like śrāddha and piṇḍa-dāna?

In Preta Kanda contexts, such statements support practical guidelines on what and when to offer—emphasizing that offerings should be made with items considered ‘substantial/fit’ within prescribed time windows.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

If performing śrāddha or related rites, follow traditional timing and consult a knowledgeable priest/family tradition regarding suitable ingredients—this verse highlights that time affects the suitability (sāratā) of food items for ritual use.