Shloka 1

Rasa-Dravya Varga: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Pungent, Bitter, Astringent; Snehana and Svedana Guidelines

Devanagari script

नाम द्विसप्तत्युत्तरशततमो ऽध्यायः धन्वन्तरिरुवाच / द्रव्याणि मधुरादीनि वक्ष्ये रागहराण्यहम् / शालिषष्टिकगोधृमक्षीरं घृतं रसा मध

Transliteration

nāma dvisaptatyuttaraśatatamo 'dhyāyaḥ dhanvantariruvāca / dravyāṇi madhurādīni vakṣye rāgaharāṇyaham / śāliṣaṣṭikagodhṛmakṣīraṃ ghṛtaṃ rasā madha

Translation

Kabanata isang daan at pitumpu’t tatlo: wika ni Dhanvantari—Ngayon ay ilalarawan ko ang mga sangkap na may matamis na lasa at iba pa, na nag-aalis ng raga (pamumula/pamamaga at pagnanasa). Kabilang dito ang bigas na śāli, bigas na ṣaṣṭika, trigo, gatas, ghee, mga katas na pampalusog, at pulot.

Word by Word

• नाम: (it is) named; title
• नाम: Sambandha (Relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नाम (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; शीर्षक/निर्देशार्थ (as a heading: 'named')

• द्विसप्तति: seventy-two
• द्विसप्तति: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: द्वि (प्रातिपदिक) + सप्तति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: संख्यावाचक-समास; अव्ययवत्-पूर्वपद; ‘द्विसप्तति’ = 72

• उत्तर: additional; following
• उत्तर: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उत्तर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: विशेषण; समासाङ्ग (as compound member)

• शततमः: hundredth
• शततमः: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शत (प्रातिपदिक) + तमप् (तद्धित)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; क्रमवाचक (ordinal) ‘शततम’ = 100th

• अध्यायः: chapter
• अध्यायः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अध्याय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• धन्वन्तरिः: Dhanvantari
• धन्वन्तरिः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धन्वन्तरि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• उवाच: said
• उवाच: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच् (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (परोक्षभूत/Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद

• द्रव्याणि: substances; ingredients
• द्रव्याणि: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्रव्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन

• मधुरादीनि: beginning with sweet (taste); etc.
• मधुरादीनि: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मधुर (प्रातिपदिक) + आदि (अव्यय)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन; ‘आदि’युक्त-समास (etc.-beginning)

• वक्ष्ये: I will describe
• वक्ष्ये: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच् (धातु)
• Form: लृट् (भविष्यत्/Future), उत्तमपुरुष, एकवचन, आत्मनेपद

• रागहराणि: removing disease/affliction (rāga)
• रागहराणि: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: राग (प्रातिपदिक) + हर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (रागस्य हराणि)

• अहम्: I
• अहम्: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: उत्तमपुरुष-सर्वनाम, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• शालि: śāli rice
• शालि: Visheshya (Qualified/विशेष्य)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शालि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग (धान्यनाम), प्रातिपदिक-रूप (compound member)

• षष्टिक: sixty-day (a rice variety)
• षष्टिक: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: षष्टिक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: विशेषण; प्रातिपदिक-रूप (compound member)

• गोधूम: wheat
• गोधूम: Visheshya (Qualified/विशेष्य)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गोधूम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रातिपदिक-रूप (compound member)

• क्षीरम्: milk (prepared with śāli-ṣaṣṭika rice and wheat)
• क्षीरम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्षीर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; समासः (शालिषष्टिकगोधूम-क्षीरम्)

• घृतम्: ghee
• घृतम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: घृत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन

• रसाः: juices; essences
• रसाः: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रस (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन (पाठभेदः; here list-item)

• मध: honey (truncated)
• मध: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मधु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; पाठभ्रंश/अपूर्णपद (likely ‘मधु’)

Speaker

Dhanvantari

Medical Ayurveda

Dosha: Pitta

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Ahara-dravya classification (madhura etc.) and their role in pacifying pathological states (raga).

Vedantic Theme: Sattvika ahara supports clarity and steadiness; regulation of senses begins with regulation of diet.

Application: Prefer madhura dravyas like shali/ṣaṣṭika rice, wheat, milk, ghee, rasa, and honey when aiming to soothe heat/redness and support nourishment, as appropriate to constitution.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.173.2-4 (expanded madhura group and effects)

Characters & Entities

• Dhanvantari

FAQs

What is the importance of “madhura dravya” (sweet substances) in the Garuda Purana?

Here they are presented as therapeutic foods that reduce rāga—understood as inflammatory redness/irritation and, by extension, calming excess agitation.

How does this verse explain the path of the soul?

By teaching restraint and balance through diet, it supports a disciplined life (dharma) that strengthens clarity and steadiness needed for spiritual progress.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Prefer simple, nourishing staples (rice, wheat, milk, ghee, honey in moderation) when seeking calming, restorative dietary support—adapted to one’s constitution.