Shloka 2

Devanagari script

भृत्ये परिक्षणं वक्ष्ये यस्ययस्य हि यो गुणः / तमिमं संप्रवक्ष्यामि ये यथाकथितं किल

Transliteration

bhṛtye parikṣaṇaṃ vakṣye yasyayasya hi yo guṇaḥ / tamimaṃ saṃpravakṣyāmi ye yathākathitaṃ kila

Translation

Ilalarawan ko ang pagsusuri sa isang lingkod—kung anong mga katangian ang nararapat sa bawat isa. Ngayon ay ipapahayag ko ito nang malinaw, ayon sa itinuro ng sinaunang tradisyon.

Word by Word

• भृत्ये: in/with regard to a servant
• भृत्ये: Adhikarana (Locative/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भृत्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/सप्तमी), एकवचन; अधिकरण (locative of reference)

• परिक्षणम्: examination, testing
• परिक्षणम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: परिक्षण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन; कर्म (object)

• वक्ष्ये: I shall tell
• वक्ष्ये: Kriya (Verb/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच् (धातु)
• Form: लृट् (Simple Future/भविष्यत्), उत्तमपुरुष (1st person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• यस्य: of whom/whose
• यस्य: Sambandha (Genitive/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/षष्ठी), एकवचन; सम्बन्ध (genitive)

• यस्य: of each (one)
• यस्य: Sambandha (Genitive/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/षष्ठी), एकवचन; पुनरुक्ति (distributive sense)

• हि: indeed, for
• हि: Sambandha (Particle/निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle), अवधान/हेतु-प्रदर्शन (emphasis/indeed)

• यः: which/that (who)
• यः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; कर्तृपद (relative pronoun)

• गुणः: quality, virtue
• गुणः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गुण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; कर्तृ/विषय (predicate noun)

• तम्: that
• तम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन; कर्म (object)

• इमम्: this
• इमम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन; विशेषण-प्रयोग (appositional)

• संप्रवक्ष्यामि: I shall explain fully
• संप्रवक्ष्यामि: Kriya (Verb/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच् (धातु) + सम्+प्र (उपसर्ग)
• Form: लृट् (Simple Future/भविष्यत्), उत्तमपुरुष (1st person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद; उपसर्गयुक्त

• ये: which (things)
• ये: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), बहुवचन; कर्तृपद (relative)

• यथा: as, in the manner that
• यथा: Sambandha (Adverbial/क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, क्रियाविशेषण (adverb)

• आकथितम्: as has been stated
• आकथितम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कथ् (धातु) + आ (उपसर्ग) ; आकथित (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन; 'ये' इत्यस्य विशेषणम्

• किल: indeed, it is said
• किल: Sambandha (Particle/निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: किल (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle), प्रसिद्ध्यर्थ/श्रुत्यर्थ (reportedly/indeed)

Speaker

Lord Viṣṇu (speaking to Garuḍa/Vinātā-putra)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Proper examination and selection of servants according to prescribed qualities.

Vedantic Theme: Dharma as social order (loka-saṅgraha) and right action guided by śāstra.

Application: Use clear, tradition-backed criteria when hiring/assigning roles; evaluate character and capability rather than mere claims.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana (Dharma/ācāra sections): guidance on rājadharma and sadācāra; adjacent verses 1.112.3-6 expand the criteria.

FAQs

What is the importance of examining a servant (bhṛtya-parīkṣaṇa) in the Garuda Purana?

This verse introduces a dharmic framework for evaluating a servant’s virtues, emphasizing character-based selection rather than mere utility.

How does this verse explain the path of the soul?

It does not address the afterlife here; it belongs to the Ācāra (conduct) teachings, setting ethical standards that support righteous living and karma.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Use clear, virtue-focused criteria—trustworthiness, competence, and integrity—when hiring or entrusting responsibilities, aligning work relationships with dharma.