Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 42

Kapila’s Advent: Brahmā’s Confirmation, the Marriage of the Nine Daughters, and Kardama’s Renunciation

व्रतं स आस्थितो मौनमात्मैकशरणो मुनि: । नि:सङ्गो व्यचरत्क्षोणीमनग्निरनिकेतन: ॥ ४२ ॥

vrataṁ sa āsthito maunam ātmaika-śaraṇo muniḥ niḥsaṅgo vyacarat kṣoṇīm anagnir aniketanaḥ

Tinanggap ng pantas na si Kardama ang panatang katahimikan, na ang tanging kanlungan ay ang Kataas-taasang Panginoon at Siya lamang ang pinagninilayan. Walang pakikisama at walang pagkapit, naglakbay siya sa daigdig gaya ng isang sannyāsī—walang ugnay sa apoy at walang tahanan.

व्रतम्a vow
व्रतम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootव्रत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन
सःhe
सः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
आस्थितःhaving undertaken; observing
आस्थितः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootआ-स्था (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
Formभूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (PPP), प्रथमा, एकवचन, पुल्लिङ्ग; सः/मुनिः इति विशेषणम्
मौनम्silence
मौनम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootमौन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
आत्मैकशरणःhaving the Self alone as refuge
आत्मैकशरणः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootआत्मन् (प्रातिपदिक) + एक (प्रातिपदिक) + शरण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसमासः—तत्पुरुष (कर्मधारय-प्रायः: "आत्मा एव एकं शरणं यस्य"), पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; मुनिः इति विशेषणम्
मुनिःthe sage
मुनिः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootमुनि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
निःसङ्गःdetached; without association
निःसङ्गः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootनिः + सङ्ग (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; मुनिः इति विशेषणम्
व्यचरत्wandered
व्यचरत्:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootवि-चर् (धातु)
Formलङ् (Imperfect/अनद्यतनभूत), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन
क्षोणीम्the earth
क्षोणीम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootक्षोणी (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
अनग्निःwithout fire (no sacred fire)
अनग्निः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्- (नञ्) + अग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; मुनिः इति विशेषणम्
अनिकेतनःhomeless; without a dwelling
अनिकेतनः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्- (नञ्) + निकेतन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; मुनिः इति विशेषणम्

Here the words anagnir aniketanaḥ are very significant. A sannyāsī should be completely detached from fire and any residential quarters. A gṛhastha has a relationship with fire, either for offering sacrifices or for cooking, but a sannyāsī is freed from these two responsibilities. He does not have to cook or offer fire for sacrifice because he is always engaged in Kṛṣṇa consciousness; therefore he has already accomplished all ritualistic performances of religion. Aniketanaḥ means “without lodging.” He should not have his own house, but should depend completely on the Supreme Lord for his food and lodging. He should travel.

K
Kapila (Lord Kapila)
D
Devahūti

FAQs

This verse describes a sage as silent (mauna-vrata), exclusively sheltered in the Supreme Self, unattached to company, and living without fixed home or ritual fire—signs of deep renunciation and inner reliance on the Lord.

It highlights the sage’s freedom from external dependencies and social identity—he is not bound to household life or ritual maintenance, but lives absorbed in spiritual shelter and detachment.

Practice simplifying desires, reducing unnecessary social entanglements, cultivating inner silence, and keeping steady spiritual refuge through japa, study, and devotion while fulfilling one’s duties responsibly.