Shloka 83

इक्ष्वाकुवंश-प्रसङ्गः, पुरंजय-दैवसाहाय्य-कथा, युवनाश्व-मांधातृ-उत्पत्तिः, सौभरि-वैराग्योपदेशः

Devanagari script

दुःखं यदैवैकशरीरजन्म शतार्धसंख्यं यद् इदं प्रसूतम् परिग्रहेण क्षितिपात्मजानां सुतैर् अनेकैर् बहुलीकृतं तत्

Transliteration

duḥkhaṃ yadaivaikaśarīrajanma śatārdhasaṃkhyaṃ yad idaṃ prasūtam parigraheṇa kṣitipātmajānāṃ sutair anekair bahulīkṛtaṃ tat

Translation

ความทุกข์ที่เกิดมาพร้อมชีวิตในกายเดียว ซึ่งได้บังเกิดแล้วนับไม่ถ้วน ยิ่งทวีคูณด้วยความยึดถือครอบครอง และด้วยบุตรมากมายจากธิดาแห่งกษัตริย์และสายสกุลที่แผ่ขยาย

Word by Word

• दुःखम्: sorrow
• दुःखम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुःख (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन

• यदा: when
• यदा: Sambandha (Temporal connector/कालसम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यदा (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्यय (when)

• एव: indeed
• एव: Sambandha (Emphasis/अवधारण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अवधारणार्थक-अव्यय

• एकशरीरजन्म: born from one body (i.e., from a single person)
• एकशरीरजन्म: Karma (Object-qualifier/कर्मविशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: एक + शरीर + जन्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समासः; नपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (दुःखम्)

• शतार्धसंख्यम्: numbering fifty (half of a hundred)
• शतार्धसंख्यम्: Karma (Object-qualifier/कर्मविशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शत + अर्ध + संख्या (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समासः; नपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (दुःखम्/इदम्)

• यत्: which
• यत्: Sambandha (Relative pronoun/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम; नपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन

• इदम्: this
• इदम्: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम; नपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन

• प्रसूतम्: produced/born
• प्रसूतम्: Kriya (Predicate/भाव)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र + सू (धातु)
• Form: कृदन्त; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; (इदम्) विशेषणम्

• परिग्रहेण: by possession/attachment
• परिग्रहेण: Karana (Instrument/Means/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: परिग्रह (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; तृतीया (3rd), एकवचन

• क्षितिपात्मजानाम्: of the king's sons
• क्षितिपात्मजानाम्: Sambandha (Genitive/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्षितिप + आत्मज (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समासः (क्षितिपस्य आत्मजाः); पुंलिङ्ग; षष्ठी (6th), बहुवचन

• सुतैः: by sons
• सुतैः: Karana (Instrument/Agent in passive/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; तृतीया (3rd), बहुवचन

• अनेकैः: many
• अनेकैः: Karana (Instrument-qualifier/करणविशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अनेक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; तृतीया (3rd), बहुवचन; विशेषणम् (सुतैः)

• बहुलीकृतम्: made abundant/increased
• बहुलीकृतम्: Kriya (Predicate/भाव)
• Type: Verb
• Root: बहुली + कृ (धातु)
• Form: कृदन्त; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; (दुःखम्/यत्) विशेषणम्

• तत्: that
• तत्: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम; नपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन

Speaker

Sage Parāśara (narrating to Maitreya)

Parashara-Maitreya Dialogue

Speaker: Parasara

Topic: Why familial expansion and possessive attachment multiply suffering

Teaching: Ethical

Quality: authoritative

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Suffering inherent in embodied birth is already vast, and it is further multiplied by possessive attachment and the proliferating obligations of lineage.

Vedantic Theme: Dharma

Application: Hold family and social roles with duty but without grasping; simplify commitments, practice non-possessiveness, and cultivate inner freedom alongside responsibilities.

Vishishtadvaita: Worldly relations are real yet subordinate; when related to the Lord they become dharma, but when seized as ‘mine’ they intensify saṃsāric bondage.

Characters & Entities

• Parasara
• Maitreya
• Kings
• Royal lineages

FAQs

What is the significance of attachment (parigraha) in this Vishnu Purana verse?

The verse frames possessiveness and accumulation—especially through expanding family lines—as a direct cause of multiplying sorrow within embodied existence.

How does Sage Parāśara explain the growth of suffering in the dynastic sections?

Even while recounting genealogies, Parāśara highlights a moral principle: as relations, heirs, and claims increase, worldly entanglement grows and so does duḥkha.

What is the theological importance of Lord Vishnu in this context?

By exposing saṁsāric duḥkha and its causes, the Purana implicitly points toward Vishnu as the supreme refuge beyond lineage-bound entanglement and worldly possession.