Shloka 71

Devanagari script

व्यक्तप्रधानपुरुषविराट् संराट् स्वराट् तथा विभाव्यते ऽन्तःकरणे पुरुषेष्व् अक्षयो भवान्

Transliteration

vyaktapradhānapuruṣavirāṭ saṃrāṭ svarāṭ tathā vibhāvyate 'ntaḥkaraṇe puruṣeṣv akṣayo bhavān

Translation

พระองค์ ผู้ทรงเป็นอมตะ ทรงถูกเพ่งพินิจภายในจิตใจของสรรพสัตว์ ในฐานะจักรวาลที่ปรากฏชัด (Vyakta) ธรรมชาติ ั้งเดิม (Pradhana) จิตวิญญาณ (Purusha) รูปกายแห่งจักรวาล (Virat) จักรพรรดิผู้ยิ่งใหญ่ (Samrat) และผู้เป็นใหญ่ในตนเอง (Swarat)

Word by Word

• व्यक्त-प्रधान-पुरुष-विराट्: (as) the Manifest, Pradhāna, Puruṣa, and Virāṭ
• व्यक्त-प्रधान-पुरुष-विराट्: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: व्यक्त (प्रातिपदिक) + प्रधान (प्रातिपदिक) + पुरुष (प्रातिपदिक) + विराज्/विराट् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; समाहार-द्वन्द्व/समुच्चयार्थ (व्यक्तः च प्रधानः च पुरुषः च विराट् च) नामरूपेण

• सम्राट्: the universal sovereign
• सम्राट्: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सम्राज्/सम्राट् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• स्वराट्: self-ruler, independent lord
• स्वराट्: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्वराज्/स्वराट् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• तथा: also, likewise
• तथा: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय/प्रकारवाचक-अव्यय (also/likewise)

• विभाव्यते: is contemplated/considered
• विभाव्यते: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि + भू (भू धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), आत्मनेपद, प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन; कर्मणि/भावे प्रयोग (is conceived/manifested)

• अन्तः-करणे: in the inner instrument (mind)
• अन्तः-करणे: Adhikarana (Locus/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अन्तः (अव्यय) + करण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/7th), एकवचन; अव्ययीभाव/तत्पुरुषार्थ (अन्तः स्थितं करणम्)

• पुरुषेषु: among persons/beings
• पुरुषेषु: Adhikarana (Locus/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुरुष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, बहुवचन

• अक्षयः: imperishable
• अक्षयः: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अक्षय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण

• भवान्: you (honorific)
• भवान्: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भवत् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; आदरार्थक-सर्वनाम

Speaker

Sage Parāśara (teaching Maitreya)

Parashara-Maitreya Dialogue

Speaker: Parasara

Topic: How the imperishable Lord is contemplated as vyakta, pradhāna, puruṣa, virāṭ, and sovereign within the antaḥkaraṇa

Teaching: Philosophical

Quality: authoritative

Cosmological Context

Creation Stage: Primary

Cosmic Hierarchy: Lokas

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: The imperishable Lord is meditated upon within the inner organ as the manifest cosmos, as Pradhāna, as the indwelling Puruṣa, as Virāṭ, and as the self-ruling sovereign over all.

Vedantic Theme: Brahman

Application: Use layered contemplation: begin with the visible world, trace it to its subtle cause, and finally rest the mind in the indwelling Lord as ruler—supporting steady meditation and surrender.

Vishishtadvaita: Integrates transcendence and immanence: the Lord is both the inner ruler in the heart and the cosmic totality (virāṭ), while remaining akṣaya and sovereign.

Vaishnava Theology

Vishnu Form: Narayana

Bhakti Type: Shanta

Antaryamin: Yes

Jagat Karana: Yes

Characters & Entities

• Vishnu
• Pradhana (Prakriti)
• Virat

FAQs

What is the significance of calling Vishnu both Samrat and Svarat in the Vishnu Purana?

It presents Vishnu as the universal emperor (samrāṭ) and also as absolutely independent and self-governing (svarāṭ), establishing divine sovereignty beyond all conditioned causes.

How does Sage Parashara explain the concept of Antaryamin here?

By stating that Vishnu is contemplated within the antaḥkaraṇa of beings, Parāśara frames Vishnu as the indwelling regulator—present internally while also spanning cosmic principles like Pradhāna and Virāṭ.

What is the theological importance of Lord Vishnu being identified with Vyaktā, Pradhāna, Purusha, and Virat?

It asserts Vishnu as the Supreme Reality who pervades and grounds both matter and spirit, the individual and the cosmic—supporting a Vaishnava Vedantic view where all categories culminate in Vishnu.