Ramayana — Yuddha Kanda, Sarga 93, Shloka 25

Sarga 93: Rāvaṇa’s Grief and Fury after Indrajit’s Fall; Move to Slay Vaidehī and Ministerial Restraint

Devanagari script

कालानगिरिवसङ्क्रुद्धोयांयांदिशमवैक्षत ।।।।तस्यांतस्यांभयत्रस्ताराक्षसास्सन्विलियलिरे ।

Transliteration

kālānala iva saṅkruddho yāṃ yāṃ diśam avaikṣata |

tasyāṃ tasyāṃ bhaya-trastā rākṣasāḥ saṃviliyire ||

Translation

เขาเดือดดาลดุจเพลิงแห่งปรลัย ครั้นเหลียวมองไปทิศใด เหล่ารากษสในทิศนั้นก็หวาดผวา ถอยร่นและหลบซ่อน

Word by Word

• कालानगिः: the fire of Time
• कालानगिः: Upamana (उपमान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: काल+अनग्नि/अग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष: कालस्य अग्निः; "the fire of Time (cosmic destruction)"

• इव: like
• इव: Upamana-dyotaka (उपमान-द्योतक)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव (अव्यय)
• Form: उपमानसूचक

• सङ्क्रुद्धः: highly enraged
• सङ्क्रुद्धः: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सम्+√क्रुध् (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्यय: "highly enraged"

• याम्: which
• याम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; relative pronoun (correlative with तस्याम्): "which"

• याम्: whichever
• याम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; repetition: "whichever"

• दिशम्: direction
• दिशम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दिश् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; object of अवैक्षत

• अवैक्षत: looked at
• अवैक्षत: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अव+√ईक्ष् (धातु)
• Form: लङ् (अनद्यतनभूत/Imperfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद; "looked"

• तस्याम्: in that
• तस्याम्: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन; correlative locative: "in that (direction)"

• तस्याम्: in each
• तस्याम्: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन; repetition: "in each"

• भयत्रस्ताः: terror-stricken
• भयत्रस्ताः: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: भय+त्रस्त (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; तत्पुरुष: भयेन त्रस्ताः; "frightened by fear"

• राक्षसाः: Rākṣasas
• राक्षसाः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राक्षस (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; subject

• संविलियलिरे: hid themselves
• संविलियलिरे: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम्+वि+√ली (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (परोक्शभूत/Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन, आत्मनेपद; "hid themselves/vanished"

Context

Fearing Ravana who was enraged like the time of universal destruction, the Rakshasashid themselves in the very quarter he was looking.

Characters & Entities

• Rāvaṇa
• Rākṣasas

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

A ruler’s uncontrolled anger becomes terror to his own people; dharma in leadership is protection and steadiness, not fear-driven domination.

What is the narrative situation?

Rāvaṇa’s rage is so overwhelming that even his own rākṣasas panic and hide wherever his gaze falls.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Dharmic kingship—calm authority that safeguards followers—is emphasized by showing its opposite in Rāvaṇa.