Ramayana — Yuddha Kanda, Sarga 83, Shloka 6

त्र्यशीतितमः सर्गः (Sarga 83)

Hanumān Reports Sītā’s ‘Slaying’; Rāma Collapses; Lakṣmaṇa’s Counter-Discourse on Dharma and Artha

Devanagari script

दृष्टापथिहनूमांश्चतदृक्षबलमुद्यतम् ।नीलमेघनिभंभीमंसन्निवार्यन्यवर्तत ।।6.83.6।।

Transliteration

dṛṣṭā pathi hanūmāṁś ca tad-ṛkṣabalam udyatam | nīlamegha-nibhaṁ bhīmaṁ sannivārya nyavartata ||6.83.6||

Translation

เมื่อหนุมานเห็นกองทัพหมีอันน่ากลัวนั้นบนทาง ซึ่งตั้งท่าจะรบและมืดดุจเมฆคราม ก็ได้ห้ามปรามไว้แล้วให้ถอยกลับ

Word by Word

• दृष्ट्वा: having seen
• दृष्ट्वा: पूर्वकाल (Prior action)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: दृश् (धातु) + त्वा (कृदन्त)
• Form: क्त्वान्त-अव्यय (absolutive/gerund): ‘having seen’

• पथि: on the way
• पथि: अधिकरण (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पथिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7), एकवचन

• हनूमान्: Hanuman
• हनूमान्: कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हनुमत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन

• च: also
• च: समुच्चय (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (and/also)

• तत्: that
• तत्: विशेषण (Adjectival)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2), एकवचन; विशेषण of ऋक्षबलम्

• ऋक्षबलम्: the bear-army
• ऋक्षबलम्: कर्म (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऋक्ष (प्रातिपदिक) + बल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2/कर्म), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: ऋक्षाणां बलम्

• उद्यतम्: ready/raised (for fight)
• उद्यतम्: विशेषण (Adjectival)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उद्+यम् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त, नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2), एकवचन; qualifies ऋक्षबलम्; ‘raised/ready’

• नीलमेघनिभम्: like a dark cloud
• नीलमेघनिभम्: विशेषण (Adjectival)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नील (प्रातिपदिक) + मेघ (प्रातिपदिक) + निभ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2), एकवचन; उपमान-तत्पुरुष: नीलमेघस्य निभम्

• भीमम्: terrible
• भीमम्: विशेषण (Adjectival)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: भीम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2), एकवचन; qualifies ऋक्षबलम्

• सन्निवार्य: having restrained (them)
• सन्निवार्य: पूर्वकाल (Prior action)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सम्+नि+वृ (धातु) + णिच्? (causative sense) + ल्यप् (कृदन्त)
• Form: ल्यप्-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय (gerund): ‘having restrained/checked’

• न्यवर्तत: returned
• न्यवर्तत: क्रिया (Verb/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: नि+वृत्/वृत्त् (धातु)
• Form: लङ् (Imperfect), आत्मनेपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; ‘returned’

Context

Hanuman seeing the terrific army of Bears marching like a dark cloud asked them to return and he also returned with them.

Characters & Entities

• Hanūmān

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Restraint and disciplined command: even in war, forces must be directed wisely, avoiding rash escalation.

What is the narrative situation?

A bear contingent is moving to engage; Hanūmān halts and redirects them, likely to report urgent news first.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Prudence and leadership—controlling allies for a higher strategic and moral purpose.