Shloka 2

Devanagari script

मकराक्षंहतंश्रुत्वारावणस्समितिञ्जयः ।रोषेणमहताविष्टोदन्ताङ्कटकटाय्य च ।।6.80.1।।कोपितश्चतदातत्रकिंकार्यमितिचिन्तयन् ।आदिदेशाथसङ्क्रुद्धोरणायेजितंसुतम् ।।6.80.2।।

Transliteration

makarākṣaṃ hataṃ śrutvā rāvaṇaḥ samitiñjayaḥ |

roṣeṇa mahatāviṣṭo dantān kaṭakaṭāyya ca ||6.80.1||

kopitaś ca tadā tatra kiṃ kāryam iti cintayan |

ādideśātha saṅkruddho raṇāye jitāṃ sutam ||6.80.2||

Translation

ครั้นได้สดับว่า มกรाक्षะถูกสังหารแล้ว ทศกัณฐ์ผู้มีชัยในสมรภูมิเป็นนิตย์ ก็ถูกโทสะใหญ่ครอบงำ กัดฟันกรอด ๆ ครั้นโกรธจัด ณ ที่นั้น คิดว่า “บัดนี้ควรทำประการใด” จึงมีบัญชาแก่โอรสอินทรชิตให้ออกไปสู่สงคราม

Word by Word

• jahi: kill/slay
• jahi: Kriya (क्रिया/Command)
• Type: Verb
• Root: han (धातु)
• Form: Loṭ (लोट्/Imperative), Parasmaipada, 2nd person (मध्यमपुरुष), Singular

• vīra: O hero
• vīra: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Vocative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vīra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Vocative (8th/सम्बोधन), Singular

• mahā-vīryau: two of great valor
• mahā-vīryau: Karma (कर्म/Object-qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: mahā (अव्यय/उपसर्गवत्) + vīrya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Karmadhāraya (mahac ca vīryaṃ ca), Masculine, Accusative (2nd), Dual (द्विवचन); agrees with bhrātarau/rāma-lakṣmaṇau

• bhrātarau: the two brothers
• bhrātarau: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhrātṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (2nd), Dual

• rāma-lakṣmaṇau: Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa
• rāma-lakṣmaṇau: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāma (प्रातिपदिक) + lakṣmaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Dvandva (समाहार/इतरेतर), Masculine, Accusative (2nd), Dual; in apposition to bhrātarau

• adṛśyaḥ: invisible
• adṛśyaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject complement)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: a + dṛśya (dṛś-धातु + yat, कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st), Singular; predicate/condition of tvam

• dṛśyamānaḥ: being visible
• dṛśyamānaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject complement)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: dṛś (धातु) + śānac (शानच्)
• Form: Present middle participle (शानच्), Masculine, Nominative (1st), Singular

• vā: or
• vā: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Alternative)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: vā (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya, disjunctive particle (विकल्प)

• sarvathā: in every way
• sarvathā: Kriya-visheṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: sarvathā (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya, adverb (प्रकारवाचक)

• tvam: you
• tvam: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yusmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pronoun, Nominative (1st), Singular

• balādhikaḥ: superior in strength
• balādhikaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject complement)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: bala (प्रातिपदिक) + adhika (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa (balena adhikaḥ), Masculine, Nominative (1st), Singular; predicate of tvam

Context

Ravana, who was always victorious in warhearing that Maka raksha had been killed, became highly enraged and grinding his teeth in anger was engrossed in thinking. He commanded his son Indrajith to go to battle.

Characters & Entities

• Rāvaṇa
• Makarākṣa
• Indrajit

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Adharma produces a chain of consequences: wrongful aggression culminates in loss, grief, and rage-driven decisions. Dharma-based leadership acts from clarity, not from fury and wounded pride.

What is the narrative situation?

After the death of Makarākṣa, Rāvaṇa reacts with anger and immediately escalates the conflict by dispatching Indrajit.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

The verse emphasizes (negatively) impulsive leadership under anger; it implicitly praises the need for composure and wise deliberation.