Shloka 1

स्वबलंव्यथितंदृष्टवातुमुलंरोमहर्षणम् ।भ्रातृ़ंश्चनिहतान् दृष्टवाशक्रतुल्यपराक्रमान् ।।।।पितृव्यौचापिसनृदृश्यसमरेसन्निघादितौ ।युद्धोन्मत्तं च मत्तं च भ्रातरौराक्षसर्षभौ ।।।।चुकोप च महातेजाब्रह्मदत्तवरोयुधि ।अतिकायोऽद्रिसङ्काशोदेवदानवदर्पहा ।।।।

svabalaṁ vyathitaṁ dṛṣṭvā tumulaṁ romaharṣaṇam |

bhrātṝṁś ca nihatān dṛṣṭvā śakratulya-parākramān ||

pitṛvyau cāpi sandṛśya samare sannighāditau |

yuddhonmattaṁ ca mattaṁ ca bhrātarau rākṣasarṣabhau ||

cukopa ca mahātejā brahmadatta-varo yudhi |

atikāyo ’drisaṅkāśo devadānava-darpahā ||

ครั้นเห็นกองทัพของตนแตกพ่าย—ท่ามกลางเสียงอึกทึกน่าสะพรึงจนขนลุกชัน—และเห็นพี่น้องผู้มีเดชดุจพระอินทร์นอนตายอยู่; อีกทั้งเห็นอาทั้งสองถูกสังหารในสมรภูมิ พร้อมทั้งพี่น้องสองคนคือ ยุทธโอนมัตตะ และ มัตตะ ผู้เป็นยอดแห่งยักษ์ดุจโคอุสุภราช—อาติกายะผู้มีรัศมีใหญ่โต รูปร่างดุจภูผา ได้รับพรจากพระพรหม และเป็นผู้ทำลายทิฐิของเทวะและทานพ ก็ลุกโพลงด้วยโทสะในสนามรบ

sva-balamhis own army
sva-balam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootsva (प्रातिपदिक) + bala (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (कर्म), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (स्वस्य बलम्)
vyathitamdistressed/stricken
vyathitam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootvyathita (कृदन्त; √vyath/व्यथ् धातु)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; भूतकृदन्त (क्त)
dṛṣṭvāhaving seen
dṛṣṭvā:
Hetu/Prayojana (हेतु/प्रयोजन)
TypeVerb
Root√dṛś (दृश् धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त अव्यय (gerund); पूर्वक्रिया
tumulaṃtumultuous
tumulaṃ:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Roottumula (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
romaharṣaṇamcausing horripilation
romaharṣaṇam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootroma (प्रातिपदिक) + harṣaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (रोम्णां हर्षणम्)
bhrātṝnbrothers
bhrātṝn:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootbhrātṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)
nihatānslain
nihatān:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootnihata (कृदन्त; √han/हन् धातु, नि-उपसर्ग)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन; भूतकृदन्त (क्त)
dṛṣṭvāhaving seen
dṛṣṭvā:
Hetu/Prayojana (हेतु/प्रयोजन)
TypeVerb
Root√dṛś (दृश् धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त अव्यय (gerund)
śakra-tulya-parākramānhaving valor equal to Indra
śakra-tulya-parākramān:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootśakra (प्रातिपदिक) + tulya (प्रातिपदिक) + parākrama (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन; बहुपद-तत्पुरुषः (शक्रतुल्यः पराक्रमः येषाम्)
pitṛvyautwo uncles
pitṛvyau:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootpitṛvya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, द्विवचन
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयबोधक अव्यय
apialso
api:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootapi (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय/अपि-कारक अव्यय (also/even)
sandṛśyahaving seen
sandṛśya:
Hetu/Prayojana (हेतु/प्रयोजन)
TypeVerb
Root√dṛś (दृश् धातु) + sam- (उपसर्ग)
Formक्त्वान्त अव्यय (gerund); ‘सन्दृश्य’ = सम्यक् दृष्ट्वा
samarein battle
samare:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootsamara (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (अधिकरण), एकवचन
sannighāditauslain/struck down
sannighāditau:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootsannighādita (कृदन्त; √ghāt/घात् धातु, sam-ni-उपसर्ग)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, द्विवचन; भूतकृदन्त (क्त)
yuddha-unmattamYuddhonmatta (the one mad for battle)
yuddha-unmattam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootyuddha (प्रातिपदिक) + unmatta (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; कर्मधारयः (युद्धे उन्मत्तः)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयबोधक अव्यय
mattamMatta (named warrior)
mattam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootmatta (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयबोधक अव्यय
bhrātarautwo brothers
bhrātarau:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootbhrātṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (कर्ता), द्विवचन
rākṣasa-ṛṣabhaubulls among the Rakshasas
rākṣasa-ṛṣabhau:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootrākṣasa (प्रातिपदिक) + ṛṣabha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, द्विवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (राक्षसानाम् ऋषभौ)
cukopabecame furious
cukopa:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√kup (कुप् धातु)
Formलिट् (परोक्षभूत/Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयबोधक अव्यय
mahā-tejāḥthe mighty/very radiant one
mahā-tejāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootmahā (प्रातिपदिक) + tejas (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्मधारयः (महच्च तत् तेजः यस्य)
brahma-datta-varaḥwho had a boon granted by Brahma
brahma-datta-varaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootbrahman (प्रातिपदिक) + datta (कृदन्त; √dā/दा) + vara (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (ब्रह्मणा दत्तः वरः यस्य)
yudhiin battle
yudhi:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootyudh (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (अधिकरण), एकवचन; ‘युध्’ = युद्धे
atikāyaḥAtikaya
atikāyaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootati (उपसर्ग/अव्यय) + kāya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; नाम (proper name)
adri-saṅkāśaḥmountain-like
adri-saṅkāśaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootadri (प्रातिपदिक) + saṅkāśa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; उपमान-तत्पुरुषः (अद्रिवत् सङ्काशः)
deva-dānava-darpa-hāslayer of the pride of Devas and Danavas
deva-dānava-darpa-hā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootdeva (प्रातिपदिक) + dānava (प्रातिपदिक) + darpa (प्रातिपदिक) + han (√han/हन् धातु; ‘-hā’ कृदन्त)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; उपपद-तत्पुरुषः; ‘हā’ = हन्-धातोः कर्तरि क्विप्/घञर्थ-प्रयोग (slayer)

Highly energetic Atikaya, who was like a mountain in form, had huge body, obtained boons from Brahma, subdued the pride of Devas and Danavas, was equal to Indra in valour. Seeing his own army of Rakshasas that caused horripilation, uncles who were bulls among Rakshasas struck down in the battlefield and his own brothers Yuddhotama (Mahodara) and Matta (Mahaparsva) struck down, he flew in rage.

A
Atikāya
B
Brahmā
Ś
Śakra (Indra)
D
Devas
D
Dānavas
R
Rakṣasas
Y
Yuddhonmatta
M
Matta

FAQs

The verse highlights how attachment and clan-loyalty can ignite uncontrolled anger; in dharma-terms, grief is natural, but rage that seeks retaliation without discernment leads further away from righteous conduct.

It truthfully reports the battlefield consequence of adharma-driven war: even mighty, boon-endowed warriors face loss and shock; the narrative’s satya is the impartial depiction of cause-and-effect—violence begets grief and wrath.