Shloka 69

कुम्भकर्णवधः

The Slaying of Kumbhakarna

Devanagari script

मभ्युपेत्याद्भुतघोरवीर्यं स कुम्भकर्णोयुधिवानरेन्द्रम् ।जहारसुग्रीवमभिप्रगृह्ययथानिलोमेघमतिप्रचण्डः ।।।।

Transliteration

abhyupetya adbhuta-ghora-vīryaṃ sa kumbhakarṇo yudhi vānarendram |

jahāra sugrīvam abhipragṛhya yathā anilo megham atipracandaḥ ||

Translation

กุมภกรรณ ผู้มีเดชานุภาพน่าพิศวงและน่าสะพรึง ได้เข้าประชิดจอมวานรในสนามรบ; เขาคว้าสุครีพขึ้นแล้วพาไป ดุจลมพายุอันกราดเกรี้ยวพัดพาเมฆให้ลอยหาย

Word by Word

• तम्: him
• तम्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, द्वितीया-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्

• अभ्युपेत्य: having approached
• अभ्युपेत्य: पूर्वकाल-क्रिया (Pūrvakāla-kriyā)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अभि-उप-इ (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययम् (gerund): ‘having approached’

• अद्भुतघोरवीर्यम्: of wondrous and dreadful valor
• अद्भुतघोरवीर्यम्: विशेषण (Qualifier of object ‘vānarendram’)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अद्भुत (प्रातिपदिक) + घोर (प्रातिपदिक) + वीर्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गे, द्वितीया-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; कर्मधारय-समासः: ‘अद्भुतं च घोरं च (यत्) वीर्यम्’

• सः: he
• सः: कर्ता (Kartā/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्

• कुम्भकर्णः: Kumbhakarṇa
• कुम्भकर्णः: कर्ता (Kartā/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कुम्भकर्ण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्

• युधि: in battle
• युधि: अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Locative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युध्/युधि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्गे, सप्तमी-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्

• वानरेन्द्रम्: the monkey-king (Sugrīva)
• वानरेन्द्रम्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वानर (प्रातिपदिक) + इन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, द्वितीया-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः: ‘वानराणाम् इन्द्रम्’

• जहार: carried off / seized
• जहार: क्रिया (Kriyā/Finite verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: हृ (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकारः (Perfect), परस्मैपदम्, प्रथमपुरुषः, एकवचनम्

• सुग्रीवम्: Sugrīva
• सुग्रीवम्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुग्रीव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, द्वितीया-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्

• अभिप्रगृह्य: having grasped
• अभिप्रगृह्य: पूर्वकाल-क्रिया (Pūrvakāla-kriyā)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अभि-प्र-ग्रह् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययम् (gerund): ‘having seized firmly’

• यथा: as / like
• यथा: उपमान (Upamā-marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा (अव्यय)
• Form: उपमानवाचक-अव्ययम् (comparative indeclinable)

• अनिलः: wind
• अनिलः: कर्ता (Kartā/Subject of implied simile-clause)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अनिल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्

• मेघम्: a cloud
• मेघम्: कर्म (Karma/Object of implied simile-clause)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मेघ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, द्वितीया-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्

• अतिप्रचण्डः: very violent
• अतिप्रचण्डः: विशेषण (Qualifier of ‘anilaḥ’)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अति (उपसर्ग/अव्यय) + प्रचण्ड (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; उपसर्गपूर्वक-विशेषणम् (intensified adjective)

Context

Kumbhakarna approaching the Vanara Lord Sugriva endowed with wonderful and dreadful prowess, went like wind carrying clouds taking him.

Characters & Entities

• Kumbhakarṇa
• Sugrīva
• Vānara army
• battlefield

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Power (bala) is morally neutral; Dharma evaluates how it is used. The abduction of a leader mid-battle stresses the need for vigilant protection of allies and leadership responsibility.

What is the narrative situation?

Kumbhakarṇa closes in on Sugrīva and physically carries him away from the battlefield.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Sugrīva’s role as a leader is underscored—his capture affects the morale and order of his forces, highlighting the virtue of steadfast leadership under threat.