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Shloka 176

कुम्भकर्णवधः

The Slaying of Kumbhakarna

Devanagari script

ततस्तुतेतस्यवधेनभूरिणामनस्विनोनैरृतराजबान्धवाः ।विनेदुरुच्चैर्व्यथितारघूत्तमंहरिंसमीक्ष्यैवयथासुरार्धिताः ।।।।

Transliteration

tatas tu te tasya vadhena bhūriṇā manasvino nairṛta-rāja-bāndhavāḥ |

vinedur uccair vyathitā raghūttamaṃ hariṃ samīkṣyaiva yathā surārdhitāḥ ||

Translation

ครั้นแล้ว บรรดาญาติผู้แน่วแน่ของราชาไนฤต (ทศกัณฐ์) เมื่อสะเทือนใจยิ่งด้วยความตายของเขา ก็ร้องครวญครางเสียงดังด้วยความทุกข์; ครั้นเห็นพระรามผู้ประเสริฐแห่งวงศ์รฆุ ก็หวาดหวั่นดุจช้างตื่นตระหนกเมื่อแลเห็นอินทรเทพ ผู้เป็นที่สักการะของเหล่าเทวะ

Word by Word
ततःthereupon
ततः:
Kāla-adhikaraṇa (कालाधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottatas (अव्यय)
Formकालवाचक-अव्यय
तुthen
तु:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
Formनिपात
तेthey
ते:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन
तस्यof him
तस्य:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन
वधेनby the killing/death
वधेन:
Hetu (हेतु)
TypeNoun
Rootvadha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; कारण/हेतु (by/through)
भूरिणाgreatly
भूरिणा:
Hetu (हेतु)
TypeAdjective
Rootbhūri (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; ‘वधेन’ इत्यस्य विशेषण = अत्यन्त/बहु
मनस्विनःhigh-spirited
मनस्विनः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootmanasvin (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; ‘ते’ इत्यस्य विशेषण
नैरृत-राज-बान्धवाःkinsmen of the king of rakshasas (Ravana)
नैरृत-राज-बान्धवाः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootnairṛta + rāja + bāndhava (प्रातिपदिक-समूह)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; समासः—नैरृतानां राजा (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष) तस्य बान्धवाः (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष)
विनेदुःcried out
विनेदुः:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvi + √nad (धातु)
Formलिट्-लकार, परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन
उच्चैःloudly
उच्चैः:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootuccais (अव्यय)
Formरीतिवाचक-अव्यय (manner adverb)
व्यथिताःdistressed
व्यथिताः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootvi + √ath/√vyath (धातु) + vyathita (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; भूतकृदन्त (PPP) = distressed
रघूत्तमम्Raghuttama (Rama)
रघूत्तमम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootraghu + uttama (प्रातिपदिक-समूह)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; समासः—रघोः उत्तमः (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष)
हरिम्Hari (Rama)
हरिम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Roothari (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘रघूत्तमम्’ इत्यस्य विशेषण/पर्याय
समीक्ष्यhaving seen
समीक्ष्य:
Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootsam + √īkṣ (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund) = having seen
एवjust/indeed
एव:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (emphasis)
यथाas
यथा:
Upamāna (उपमान-सूचक)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootyathā (अव्यय)
Formउपमानवाचक-अव्यय
सुर-अर्धिताःas (those) oppressed by the gods
सुर-अर्धिताः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootsura + ardhita (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √ardh/√ṛdh? here ‘ardhita’ = afflicted/pressed)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; समासः—सुरैः अर्धिताः (तृतीया-तत्पुरुष)
Context

Thereupon, the courageous kinsfolk of Ravana, resolute in mind, pained by the death of Kumbhakarna, feared the foremost of Raghus, just as elephants feared seeing the Lord of Devatas, and emitted loud cries.

Characters & Entities
R
Rāvaṇa
K
Kumbhakarṇa
R
Rāma (Raghūttama)
R
Rākṣasas (Nairṛtas)
I
Indra (implied by surārdhita)
E
Elephants (Hari)

FAQs

Adharma brings inner instability: when a pillar of an unrighteous cause falls, even the strong-hearted lose confidence. The verse hints that moral imbalance produces fear and disorder among its supporters.

After Kumbhakarṇa’s death, Rāvaṇa’s relatives/allies are alarmed and lament loudly, recognizing Rāma as an overwhelming force.

Rāma’s awe-inspiring majesty (tejas) grounded in righteous purpose—his presence itself becomes a deterrent to further wrongdoing.

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