Shloka 13

कुम्भकर्णस्य प्रबोधनम्

The Awakening and Commissioning of Kumbhakarna

Devanagari script

अद्यतेसुमहान्कालश्शयानस्यमहाबल ।।6.62.13।।सुखितस्त्वं न जानीषेममरामकृतंभयम् ।

Transliteration

adya te sumahān kālaḥ śayānasya mahābala ||6.62.13||

sukhitas tvaṁ na jānīṣe mama rāmakṛtaṁ bhayam |

Translation

โอ้ผู้มีกำลังยิ่งใหญ่ วันนี้ท่านหลับสบายมาเนิ่นนาน ท่านยังไม่รู้ถึงความหวาดกลัวที่พระรามได้ก่อให้เกิดแก่ข้าพเจ้า

Word by Word

• अद्य: today/now
• अद्य: Kala-adhikarana (कालाधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अद्य (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; कालवाचक (today/now)

• ते: for you
• ते: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी (6th), एकवचन; सम्बन्ध (for you/your)

• सुमहान्: very great
• सुमहान्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सु-महत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारय (सु + महान्); पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; विशेषणम् (qualifying कालः)

• कालः: time
• कालः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: काल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

• शयानस्य: of (you) lying/asleep
• शयानस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शी (धातु)
• Form: शतृ (present participle) ‘शयान’; पुल्लिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th), एकवचन; सम्बन्ध (of you who are lying/asleep)

• महाबल: O mighty one
• महाबल: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: महा-बल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सम्बोधन (vocative), एकवचन; कर्मधारय; पुल्लिङ्ग

• सुखितः: at ease/comfortable
• सुखितः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सुखित (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; विशेषणम् (qualifying त्वम्)

• त्वम्: you
• त्वम्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: मध्यमपुरुष-सर्वनाम; प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

• न: not
• न: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निषेध (negation)

• जानीषे: you know
• जानीषे: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ज्ञा (धातु)
• Form: लट् (present); आत्मनेपद; मध्यमपुरुष (2nd), एकवचन

• मम: my
• मम: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी (6th), एकवचन; सम्बन्ध (my)

• रामकृतम्: caused by Rama
• रामकृतम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: राम-कृत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष (रामेण कृतम्); क्त (PPP) ‘कृत’; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन; विशेषणम् (qualifying भयम्)

• भयम्: fear
• भयम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन

Context

"Rama, the son of Dasaratha accompanied by Sugriva, crossed the ocean with an army that was cutting our roots."

Characters & Entities

• Rāvaṇa
• Kumbhakarṇa
• Rāma

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Adharma culminates in fear: when one violates righteousness, even great power becomes insecure; truth forces itself into awareness through consequences.

What is the narrative situation?

Rāvaṇa explains to the newly-awakened Kumbhakarṇa that he has been unaware of the threat Rāma now poses.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

The verse foregrounds vulnerability rather than virtue—Rāvaṇa admits fear, revealing a crack in tyrannical confidence.