Shloka 20

युद्धकाण्डे एकोनषष्टितमः सर्गः

Rāvaṇa’s Assault on Nīla and Lakṣmaṇa; Hanumān Bears Rāma

Devanagari script

असौचजीमूतनिकाशरूपःकुम्भःपृथुव्यूढसुजातवक्षाः ।समाहितःपन्नगराजकेतुर्विष्पारयन्यातिधनुर्विधून्वन् ।।6.59.20।।

Transliteration

asau ca jīmūta-nikāśa-rūpaḥ kumbhaḥ pṛthu-vyūḍha-sujāta-vakṣāḥ |

samāhitaḥ pannagarāja-ketur viṣpārayan yāti dhanur vidhūnvan ||6.59.20||

Translation

และกุมภะก็มาถึง มีรูปดุจเมฆา อกกว้างกำยำสมบูรณ์; เตรียมพร้อมมั่นคง ถือธงเครื่องหมายพญานาค แล้วดึงและสะบัดคันศร ก้าวรุดหน้าไป

Word by Word

• असौ: that one (he)
• असौ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: adas (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम (pronoun), पुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा-एकवचन (Masculine, Nominative, Singular)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• जीमूत-निकाश-रूपः: having a form like a cloud
• जीमूत-निकाश-रूपः: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: जीमूत (प्रातिपदिक) + निकाश (प्रातिपदिक) + रूप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समासः (determinative): जीमूत-निकाशम् (cloud-like) इति रूपम् यस्य; पुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा-एकवचन (Masculine, Nominative, Singular)

• कुम्भः: Kumbha
• कुम्भः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kumbha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा-एकवचन (Masculine, Nominative, Singular)

• पृथु-व्यूढ-सु-जाता-वक्षाः: whose chest is broad, well-built, and well-formed
• पृथु-व्यूढ-सु-जाता-वक्षाः: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पृथु (प्रातिपदिक) + व्यूढ (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक) + सु (उपसर्ग/अव्यय) + जात (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक) + वक्षस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: बहुव्रीहि-समासः (possessive): पृथु-व्यूढ-सुजातं वक्षः यस्य; पुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा-एकवचन (Masculine, Nominative, Singular)

• समाहितः: fully prepared
• समाहितः: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सम्-आ-धा (धातु) → समाहित (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक, क्त)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा-एकवचन (Masculine, Nominative, Singular); अर्थः: prepared/collected

• पन्नग-राज-केतुः: bearing the emblem of the king of serpents
• पन्नग-राज-केतुः: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पन्नग (प्रातिपदिक) + राज (प्रातिपदिक) + केतु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः: पन्नगानां राज्ञः केतुः (banner/mark of the serpent-king); पुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा-एकवचन (Masculine, Nominative, Singular)

• विष्पारयन्: stretching (out)
• विष्पारयन्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि-√स्पृ (धातु) → विष्पारयत् (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक, शतृ)
• Form: शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त वर्तमान-कृदन्त (present active participle), पुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा-एकवचन; क्रिया-सहचरः

• याति: comes/goes
• याति: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √या (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकारः (Present), प्रथम-पुरुषः, एकवचन (3rd person singular)

• धनुः: bow
• धनुः: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dhanus (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गे द्वितीया-एकवचन (Neuter, Accusative, Singular)

• विधून्वन्: shaking/brandishing
• विधून्वन्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि-√धू (धातु) → विधून्वत् (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक, शतृ)
• Form: शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त वर्तमान-कृदन्त (present active participle), पुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा-एकवचन; क्रिया-सहचरः

Context

Having gone to the king of Rakshasas, the survivors said, "Prahastha is killed by the son of fire god." Thereafter, the king of Rakshasas fell prey to anger.

Characters & Entities

• Kumbha

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Readiness for battle must be yoked to righteous purpose; preparation alone is not dharma unless guided by justice and truth.

What is the narrative situation?

Kumbha is described as he approaches, marked by a serpent-king emblem and armed with a bow.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Discipline and preparedness (samāhita) are emphasized as martial traits.