Valmiki Ramayana 6.49.11 — Yuddha Kanda, Sarga 49, Shloka 11

शरबन्धनविलापः

The Lament under the Net of Arrows

Devanagari script

उपालम्बंनशक्ष्यामिसोढुंबतसुमित्रया ।इहैवदेहंत्यक्ष्यामिनहिजीवितुमुत्सहे ।।6.49.11।।

Transliteration

upālambaṃ na śakṣyāmi soḍhuṃ bata sumitrayā |

ihaiva dehaṃ tyakṣyāmi na hi jīvitum utsahe || 6.49.11 ||

Translation

อนิจจา ข้าไม่อาจทนต่อคำตำหนิของพระนางสุมิตราได้ ข้าจะละสังขารยอมตายอยู่ที่นี่ เพราะข้าไม่มีความประสงค์ที่จะมีชีวิตอยู่อีกต่อไป

Word by Word

• उपालम्बम्: reproach, blame
• उपालम्बम्: कर्म (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: उपालम्ब (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), द्वितीया विभक्ति, एकवचन; सहनस्य विषय (object of enduring)

• न: not
• न: निषेध (Negation/निषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेधाव्यय (negation)

• शक्ष्यामि: I shall be able
• शक्ष्यामि: क्रिया (Verb/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: शक् (धातु)
• Form: लृट् (future), उत्तमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद

• सोढुम्: to endure
• सोढुम्: प्रयोजन (Purpose/प्रयोजन)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सह् (धातु)
• Form: तुमुन् (infinitive/तुमन्त), 'to endure/bear'

• बत: alas, indeed
• बत: भाव (Exclamation/भाव)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: बत (अव्यय)
• Form: विस्मय/खेदसूचक अव्यय (exclamatory particle)

• सुमित्रया: by Sumitra
• सुमित्रया: कर्ता (Agent/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुमित्रा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (feminine), तृतीया विभक्ति, एकवचन; कर्तृ/हेतौ (agent/source of reproach)

• इह: here
• इह: अधिकरण (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इह (अव्यय)
• Form: देशवाचक अव्यय (locative adverb)

• एव: indeed, itself
• एव: अवधारण (Emphasis/अवधारण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अवधारण (emphatic particle)

• देहम्: body
• देहम्: कर्म (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देह (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया विभक्ति, एकवचन

• त्यक्ष्यामि: I shall abandon
• त्यक्ष्यामि: क्रिया (Verb/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: त्यज् (धातु)
• Form: लृट् (future), उत्तमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद

• न: not
• न: निषेध (Negation/निषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेध

• हि: for, indeed
• हि: हेतु (Reason/हेतु)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि (अव्यय)
• Form: हेतौ/निश्चयार्थक अव्यय (particle: for/indeed)

• जीवितुम्: to live
• जीवितुम्: कर्म/प्रयोजन (Complement/प्रयोजन)
• Type: Verb
• Root: जीव् (धातु)
• Form: तुमुन् (infinitive)

• उत्सहे: I am able / I dare
• उत्सहे: क्रिया (Verb/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: उत्सह् (धातु)
• Form: लट् (present), उत्तमपुरुष, एकवचन, आत्मनेपद

Context

"If Sumithra asks me, I can't endure. I cannot bear it. I shall give up my body, my life here itself."

Characters & Entities

• Sumitrā
• Lakṣmaṇa

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is portrayed as the gravity of relational duty: Rāma recognizes that actions have moral consequences within family and community, and that blame (just or unjust) is part of ethical accountability.

What is the narrative situation?

Rāma, overwhelmed, imagines Sumitrā’s grief and accusation if Lakṣmaṇa is truly lost, and speaks of abandoning life.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Empathy and moral sensitivity: Rāma anticipates another’s suffering (a mother’s) and feels answerable to it.