Shloka 7

द्वन्द्वयुद्धप्रवृत्तिः

Dvandva-Yuddha: The Onset of Single Combats

Devanagari script

प्रजङ्घेनचसम्पातिर्नित्यंदुर्मर्षणोरणे ।जम्बुमालिनमारब्धोहनुमानपिवानरः ।।6.43.7।।

Transliteration

prajaṅghena ca sampātir nityaṃ durmarṣaṇo raṇe |

jambumālinam ārabdho hanumān api vānaraḥ ||6.43.7||

Translation

สัมปาติ ผู้ยากจะต้านทานในสนามรบ ได้เข้าประจัญกับปรชังคะ; และหนุมาน วานรผู้กล้า ก็เริ่มยุทธ์กับชัมพุมาลีเช่นกัน

Word by Word

• prajaṅghena: with Prajangha
• prajaṅghena: Sahakāraka (सह/साकं)
• Type: Noun
• Root: prajaṅgha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (तृतीया/3), Singular (एकवचन)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction/particle (समुच्चय/निपात)

• sampātiḥ: Sampati
• sampātiḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sampāti (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन)

• nityam: always
• nityam: Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: nityam (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb (क्रियाविशेषण-अव्यय)

• durmarṣaṇaḥ: hard to endure/overcome
• durmarṣaṇaḥ: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: durmarṣaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन); qualifying sampātiḥ

• raṇe: in battle
• raṇe: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: raṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Locative (सप्तमी/7), Singular (एकवचन)

• jambumālinam: Jambumali
• jambumālinam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: jambumālin (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular (एकवचन)

• ārabdhaḥ: engaged/started (combat)
• ārabdhaḥ: Kriya (क्रिया, participial predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ā-√rabh (रभ् धातु)
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त/कृदन्त), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन); used predicatively with hanumān

• hanumān: Hanuman
• hanumān: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: hanumat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन)

• api: also
• api: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: api (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle (निपात), additive

• vānaraḥ: the Vanara
• vānaraḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vānara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन); apposition to hanumān

Context

The battlefield was dreadful and, frequented by jackals with spears, javelins, maces, and swords, strewn all over, similarly with broken chariots, horses, elephants, and monkeys fit for war. Broken wheels and axles of chariots were found all over.

Characters & Entities

• Sampāti
• Prajaṅgha
• Hanumān
• Jambumālī

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma appears as loyal service and coordinated effort—each warrior takes up a rightful share of the struggle in support of the just objective.

What is the narrative situation?

Multiple duels are paired off: Sampāti fights Prajaṅgha, and Hanumān engages Jambumālī.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Hanumān’s tireless commitment and Sampāti’s battle-hard resilience.