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Shloka 36

माल्यवानुपदेशः

Malyavan’s Counsel, Portents in Laṅkā, and the Proposal of Alliance

Devanagari script

विष्णुंमन्यामहेरामंमानुषंरूपमास्थितम् ।नहिमानुषमात्रोऽसौराघवोदृढविक्रमः ।।।।येनबद्धःसमुद्रेचसेतुःसपरमाद्भुतः ।कुरुष्वनरराजेनसधनिंरामेणरावण ।।।।ज्ञात्वावधार्यकर्माणिक्रियतामायतिक्षमम् ।

Transliteration

viṣṇuṃ manyāmahe rāmaṃ mānuṣaṃ rūpam āsthitam | na hi mānuṣamātro 'sau rāghavo dṛḍhavikramaḥ || yena baddhaḥ samudre ca setuḥ sa paramādbhutaḥ | kuruṣva nararājena sadhaniṃ rāmeṇa rāvaṇa || jñātvā 'vadhārya karmāṇi kriyatām āyatikṣamam ||

Translation

เราถือว่าพระรามคือพระวิษณุผู้ทรงอวตารเป็นมนุษย์; พระราฆวะผู้มั่นคงและทรงเดช มิใช่มนุษย์สามัญ. พระองค์นั่นเองผู้ผูกสร้างสะพานอัศจรรย์เหนือมหาสมุทร. โอ้ราวณะ จงทำสันติไมตรีกับพระรามผู้เป็นนราธิราชนั้น; เมื่อรู้แจ้งและไตร่ตรองกำหนดการแล้ว จงกระทำสิ่งที่จะยืนยงเพื่อกาลภายหน้า.

Word by Word
विष्णुम्Vishnu
विष्णुम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootविष्णु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (कर्म), एकवचन; proper noun
मन्यामहेwe consider/think
मन्यामहे:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootमन् (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (present), उत्तम-पुरुष, बहुवचन; आत्मनेपद
रामम्Rama
रामम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootराम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; proper noun
मानुषम्human
मानुषम्:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootमानुष (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (रूपम्)
रूपम्form
रूपम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootरूप (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
आस्थितम्having assumed
आस्थितम्:
Karma-samānādhikaraṇa (कर्मसमानाधिकरण)
TypeVerb
Rootआ-स्था (धातु)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past passive participle), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; ‘assumed/entered’
नnot
न:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/निषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेध-अव्यय (negation particle)
हिindeed/for
हि:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (emphatic/causal particle)
मानुषमात्रःonly a human
मानुषमात्रः:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootमानुष + मात्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास (मानुषस्य मात्रः = merely human); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (असौ/राघवः)
असौthat (he)
असौ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootअसद्/अदस् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
राघवःRaghava (Rama)
राघवः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootराघव (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; proper noun/epithet
दृढविक्रमःof firm prowess
दृढविक्रमः:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootदृढ + विक्रम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formकर्मधारय-समास (दृढः विक्रमः यस्य/दृढः विक्रमः); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (राघवः)
येनby whom/whereby
येन:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (करण), एकवचन; relative pronoun
बद्धःwas built
बद्धः:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootबन्ध् (धातु)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त (PPP), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; (सेतुः) ‘was built/bound’
समुद्रेin/on the ocean
समुद्रे:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootसमुद्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (अधिकरण), एकवचन
चand
च:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)
सेतुःbridge
सेतुः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootसेतु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
सःthat (bridge)/it
सः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
परमाद्भुतःmost wonderful
परमाद्भुतः:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootपरम + अद्भुत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formकर्मधारय-समास (परमम् अद्भुतम्); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (सेतुः)
कुरुष्वmake/do
कुरुष्व:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु)
Formलोट्-लकार (imperative), मध्यम-पुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद
नरराजेनwith the king of men (Rama)
नरराजेन:
Sahakari (सहकारी/सह)
TypeNoun
Rootनर + राजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास (नराणां राजा); पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (सह/करण), एकवचन
सन्धिम्alliance/truce
सन्धिम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootसन्धि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
रामेणwith Rama
रामेण:
Sahakari (सहकारी/सह)
TypeNoun
Rootराम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
रावणO Ravana
रावण:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootरावण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन-विभक्ति, एकवचन
ज्ञात्वाhaving known
ज्ञात्वा:
Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootज्ञा (धातु)
Formक्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त (absolutive/gerund), अव्ययभाव; ‘having known’
अवधार्यhaving ascertained
अवधार्य:
Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootअव-धृ (धातु)
Formल्यप्/क्त्वा-समकक्ष (gerund), अव्ययभाव; ‘having ascertained/considered’
कर्माणिactions/deeds
कर्माणि:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन
क्रियताम्let (it) be done
क्रियताम्:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु)
Formलोट्-लकार (imperative), प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन; कर्मणि-प्रयोग (passive): ‘let it be done’
आयतिक्षमम्appropriate after due consideration
आयतिक्षमम्:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootआयति + क्षम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास (आयत्यां क्षमम् = suitable after due consideration/for the future); नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विधेय-विशेषणम् (क्रियताम्)
Context

Rama is Lord Vishnu in human form endowed with fortitude and prowess. One who has constructed an amazing bridge on the ocean is not just a human being. O Ravana! Align with the ruler of men, Sri Rama. After careful thinking and determining correctly, do what is good.

Characters & Entities
R
Rāma
V
Viṣṇu
O
Ocean (samudra)
B
Bridge (setu)
R
Rāvaṇa

FAQs

Dharma prioritizes protection of life and right order: when confronted with a righteous, divinely-backed cause, the ethical choice is truthful reassessment and peace-making over stubborn pride.

Vibhīṣaṇa urges Rāvaṇa to recognize Rāma’s extraordinary nature and to seek a treaty, warning that continued hostility will destroy Laṅkā.

Wise counsel and humility—choosing long-term welfare (āyati-kṣama) through truthful discernment rather than ego.

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