Shloka 31

माल्यवानुपदेशः

Malyavan’s Counsel, Portents in Laṅkā, and the Proposal of Alliance

Devanagari script

मार्जाराद्वीपिभिस्सार्थंसूकराश्शुनकैस्सह ।किन्नराराक्षसैश्चापिसमीयुर्मानुषैस्सह ।।।।

Transliteration

mārjarā dvīpibhiḥ sārthaṃ sūkarāḥ śunakaiḥ saha | kinnarā rākṣasaiś cāpi samīyur mānuṣaiḥ saha ||

Translation

แมวคบหากับเสือดาว สุกรอยู่ร่วมกับสุนัข; แม้เหล่ากินนราก็ปะปนกับพวกยักษ์ (รากษส) และมนุษย์—ความสับสนแห่งจำพวกซึ่งเป็นลางว่าระเบียบธรรมจักรจะล่มสลาย

Word by Word

• मार्जाराः: cats
• मार्जाराः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मार्जार (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• द्वीपिभिः: with leopards
• द्वीपिभिः: Sahakari (सहकारी; association)
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्वीपिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन

• सार्थम्: together
• सार्थम्: Sahartha (सहार्थ)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सार्थम् (अव्यय)
• Form: सहार्थक अव्यय (adverb: ‘together’)

• सूकराः: pigs/boars
• सूकराः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सूकर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• शुनकैः: with dogs
• शुनकैः: Sahakari (सहकारी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शुनक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन

• सह: with
• सह: Sahartha (सहार्थ)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सह (अव्यय)
• Form: सहार्थक अव्यय

• किन्नराः: Kinnaras
• किन्नराः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: किन्नर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• राक्षसैः: with Rakshasas
• राक्षसैः: Sahakari (सहकारी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राक्षस (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय

• अपि: also
• अपि: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय/अप्यर्थक अव्यय (also/even)

• समीयुः: came together / met
• समीयुः: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम्-इ (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन

• मानुषैः: with humans
• मानुषैः: Sahakari (सहकारी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मानुष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन

• सह: with
• सह: Sahartha (सहार्थ)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सह (अव्यय)
• Form: सहार्थक अव्यय

Context

"Cats are having the company of (mating) Leopards, pigs are mating with dogs, Kinneras with Rakshasas as well as human beings also."

Characters & Entities

• Kinnaras
• Rākṣasas
• Humans (mānuṣāḥ)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The verse uses ‘confusion of categories’ to symbolize moral confusion: when boundaries of right conduct are violated, society and nature mirror that disorder.

What is the narrative situation?

Further omens are listed to persuade Rāvaṇa that his path is leading Laṅkā toward destruction.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Accountability: recognizing that adharma at the top spreads chaos everywhere.