Shloka 116

विभीषणागमनम्

Vibhīṣaṇa’s Arrival and the Debate on Refuge

Devanagari script

इत्युक्त्वापरुषंवाक्यंरावणंरावणानुजः ।आजगाममुहूर्तेनयत्ररामस्सलक्ष्मणः ।।6.17.1।।

Transliteration

ity uktvā paruṣaṃ vākyaṃ rāvaṇaṃ rāvaṇānujaḥ |

ājagāma muhūrtena yatra rāmaḥ sa-lakṣmaṇaḥ ||6.17.1||

Translation

ครั้นกล่าวถ้อยคำรุนแรงต่อทศกัณฐ์แล้ว น้องชายของเขา (พระวิภีษณะ) ก็ออกไปโดยพลัน และไปถึงในชั่วครู่ ณ ที่ซึ่งพระรามประทับร่วมกับพระลักษมณ์

Word by Word

• iti: thus
• iti: Sambandha (सम्बन्धः; quotative marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iti (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; इति-शब्दः (quotative particle), ‘thus/so’ इत्यर्थे

• uktvā: having said
• uktvā: Kriya (क्रिया; prior action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vac (वच् धातु) + ktvā (क्त्वा)
• Form: क्त्वान्त अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund/absolutive); पूर्वकालिकक्रिया (having done/said)

• paruṣam: harsh
• paruṣam: Karma (कर्म; adjectival to object)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: paruṣa (परुष प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया विभक्ति (कर्म), एकवचन; विशेषणम् (vākyaṃ इति पदस्य)

• vākyam: speech/words
• vākyam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vākya (वाक्य प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया विभक्ति, एकवचन; कर्मपदम्

• rāvaṇam: to Ravana
• rāvaṇam: Sampradana (सम्प्रदान; recipient/goal)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāvaṇa (रावण प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया विभक्ति, एकवचन; सम्प्रदान-प्रायः (to/unto) गत्यर्थक्रियायाः लक्ष्यः

• rāvaṇānujaḥ: Ravana's younger brother (Vibhishana)
• rāvaṇānujaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāvaṇa (रावण प्रातिपदिक) + anuja (अनुज प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (rāvaṇasya anujaḥ); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन; कर्तृपदम्

• ājagāma: came/reached
• ājagāma: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: gam (गम् धातु) उपसर्गः ā-
• Form: लिट्-लकारः (Perfect; narrative past), परस्मैपदम्; प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

• muhūrtena: in a short while
• muhūrtena: Karana (करण; means/time-instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: muhūrta (मुहूर्त प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया विभक्ति, एकवचन; काल-करणम् (instrumental of time: ‘within/in a short while’)

• yatra: where
• yatra: Adhikarana (अधिकरण; locative relation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yatra (यत्र अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; स्थानवाचक-सम्बन्धबोधक (relative adverb: ‘where’)

• rāmaḥ: Rama
• rāmaḥ: Adhikarana (अधिकरण; locus)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāma (राम प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन; ‘yatra’ इत्यस्य सम्बन्धे अधिकरणस्थः (where Rama was)

• sa-lakṣmaṇaḥ: with Lakshmana
• sa-lakṣmaṇaḥ: Visheshana (विशेषण; qualifier of locus)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sa (सह/स अव्यय-पूर्वपद) + lakṣmaṇa (लक्ष्मण प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययीभाव-समासः (सह लक्ष्मणेन/लक्ष्मणसहितः); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन; ‘rāmaḥ’ इति पदस्य विशेषणम्

Context

Vibheeshana, having addressed Ravana in harsh language, reached Rama and Lakshmana in a short while.

Characters & Entities

• Rāvaṇa
• Vibhīṣaṇa
• Rāma
• Lakṣmaṇa

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Choosing dharma over loyalty to wrongdoing: Vibhīṣaṇa, after condemning Rāvaṇa’s unrighteous course, moves toward Rāma—symbolically aligning himself with righteous conduct and truthful counsel.

What is the narrative situation?

After rebuking Rāvaṇa with severe words, Vibhīṣaṇa departs quickly and goes to where Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa are, setting up his eventual refuge with the righteous side.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Moral courage and integrity (satya-niṣṭhā): the willingness to break from one’s own kin when they persist in adharma, and to seek the company of the righteous.