Shloka 41

अयोध्याप्रत्यागमन-सन्देशः

Hanuman Sent Ahead to Ayodhya

Devanagari script

ततोमुहूर्तादुत्थायप्रत्याश्वस्य च राघवः ।।।।हनूमन्तमुवाचेदंभरतःप्रियवादिनम् ।

Transliteration

tato muhūrtād utthāya pratyāśvasya ca rāghavaḥ |

hanūmantam uvācedaṃ bharataḥ priyavādinam ||

Translation

ครั้นล่วงไปชั่วครู่ เขาลุกขึ้นและตั้งสติได้แล้ว ภรตะแห่งวงศ์ราฆวะจึงกล่าวถ้อยคำนี้แก่หนุมาน ผู้มีวาจาอ่อนหวาน

Word by Word

• tataḥ: then
• tataḥ: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tataḥ (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; kāla/krama-vācaka (काल/क्रम)

• muhūrtāt: after a moment
• muhūrtāt: Kāla (काल/Time)
• Type: Noun
• Root: muhūrta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Pañcamī (5th/पञ्चमी), Ekavacana (ablative of time: 'after a moment')

• utthāya: having risen
• utthāya: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ud-√sthā (धातु) + lyap (ल्यप्)
• Form: Kṛdanta: absolutive/gerund (ल्यप्) = 'having risen'

• pratyāśvasya: having recovered composure
• pratyāśvasya: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: prati-ā-√śvas (धातु) + lyap (ल्यप्)
• Form: Kṛdanta: absolutive/gerund (ल्यप्) = 'having regained composure/been consoled'

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha-sūcaka (सम्बन्धसूचक)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; samuccaya (समुच्चय)

• rāghavaḥ: Raghava (Bharata)
• rāghavaḥ: Kartā (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāghava (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā (1st/प्रथमा), Ekavacana; here = Bharata (descendant of Raghu)

• hanūmantam: Hanuman
• hanūmantam: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: hanumat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Dvitīyā (2nd/द्वितीया), Ekavacana

• uvāca: said
• uvāca: Kriyā (क्रिया/Finite verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √vac (धातु)
• Form: Liṭ-lakāra (Perfect/लिट्), Prathama-puruṣa (3rd/प्रथम), Ekavacana; parasmaipada

• idam: this
• idam: Karma (कर्म/Object; vākya-viṣaya)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Sarvanāma; Napumsaka, Dvitīyā (2nd/द्वितीया), Ekavacana; object-content of speech

• bharataḥ: Bharata
• bharataḥ: Kartā (कर्ता/Subject; apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bharata (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā (1st/प्रथमा), Ekavacana; apposition to rāghavaḥ

• priyavādinam: sweet-speaking
• priyavādinam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: priya-vādin (प्रातिपदिक; priya + vādin)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Dvitīyā (2nd/द्वितीया), Ekavacana; तत्पुरुषः (priyaṃ vadati) qualifying hanūmantam

Context

Bharata got up in a moment and saw Hanuman, who is sweet in speech said this.

Characters & Entities

• Bharata
• Hanumān

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Self-control (dama) aligned with duty: even after overwhelming emotion, Bharata steadies himself to respond appropriately.

What is the narrative situation?

Bharata recovers from his swoon and prepares to address Hanumān directly.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Bharata’s restraint and readiness for righteous action—he regains composure to honor the messenger and proceed with duty.