Shloka 3

रावणवधदर्शनम्

Lament of the Rākṣasa Women upon Seeing Rāvaṇa Slain

Devanagari script

उत्तरेणविनिष्क्रम्यद्वारेणसहराक्षसैः ।प्रविश्यायोधनंघोरंविचिन्वन्त्वोहतंपतिम् ।।।।आर्यपुत्रेतिवादिन्योहानाथेति च सर्वशः ।परिपेतुःकबन्धाङ्कांमहींशोणितकर्दमाम् ।।।।

Transliteration

uttareṇa viniṣkramya dvāreṇa saha rākṣasaiḥ | praviśyāyodhanaṃ ghoraṃ vicinvantyo hataṃ patim ||

āryaputreti vādinyo hānātheti ca sarvaśaḥ | paripetuḥ kabandhāṅkāṃ mahīṃ śoṇitakardamām ||

Translation

พวกนางออกทางประตูทิศเหนือพร้อมเหล่ารากษส แล้วก้าวเข้าสู่สมรภูมิอันน่าสะพรึง เพื่อค้นหาสวามีผู้ถูกสังหาร นางร้องไปทั่วทุกแห่งว่า “โอ อารยบุตร!” และ “อนาถาแล้ว ข้าพเจ้าไร้ที่พึ่ง!” แล้วพเนจรไปบนพื้นดินที่เกลื่อนด้วยลำตัวไร้ศีรษะ ชุ่มด้วยโลหิตและโคลนตม

Word by Word

• उत्तरेण: by the northern (side)
• उत्तरेण: Karana (करण/Means-route)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उत्तर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; दिशावाचक-विशेषण, साधन/मार्गवाचक (by the northern)

• विनिष्क्रम्य: having come out
• विनिष्क्रम्य: Kriya-viseshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि + निष् + क्रम् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त-अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund)

• द्वारेण: through the gate
• द्वारेण: Karana (करण/Means)
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्वार (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• सह: together with
• सह: Sahartha (सहार्थ/Association)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सह (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; सहार्थक-उपपद (with)

• राक्षसैः: with the rakshasas
• राक्षसैः: Sahartha (सहार्थ)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राक्षस (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; सह-उपपदयोगे तृतीया

• प्रविश्य: having entered
• प्रविश्य: Kriya-viseshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र + विश् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त-अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund)

• आयोधनम्: battlefield
• आयोधनम्: Karma (कर्म/Object of entering)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आयोधन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• घोरम्: terrible
• घोरम्: Karma (कर्म) विशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: घोर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (आयोधनम्)

• विचिन्वन्त्यः: searching for
• विचिन्वन्त्यः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि + चि (धातु)
• Form: शतृ/शानच्-प्रत्ययान्त वर्तमानकाले (present active participle); स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• हतम्: slain
• हतम्: Karma (कर्म) विशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: हन् (धातु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त; पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (पतिम्)

• पतिम्: husband
• पतिम्: Karma (कर्म/Object of searching)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• आर्यपुत्रेति: saying 'O noble son!'
• आर्यपुत्रेति: Vacana-marker (उद्धरण/इति)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आर्यपुत्र (प्रातिपदिक) + इति (अव्यय)
• Form: इति-समाप्तिसूचक अव्यय; पूर्वपदं सम्बोधनार्थक-शब्दः (vocative sense)

• वादिन्यः: speaking, crying out
• वादिन्यः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वद् (धातु)
• Form: शतृ/शानच्-प्रत्ययान्त वर्तमानकाले (present active participle); स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• हा: alas!
• हा: Bhava (भाव/Interjection)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; विस्मय/शोकसूचक-निपात (interjection)

• नाथेति: saying 'O lord/husband!'
• नाथेति: Vacana-marker (उद्धरण/इति)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नाथ (प्रातिपदिक) + इति (अव्यय)
• Form: इति-समाप्तिसूचक अव्यय; पूर्वपदं सम्बोधनार्थक-शब्दः

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चयार्थक

• सर्वशः: everywhere
• सर्वशः: Kriya-viseshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सर्वशस् (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय; क्रियाविशेषण (everywhere, in all ways)

• परिपेतुः: went about, wandered
• परिपेतुः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: परि + पत् (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथम-पुरुष, बहुवचन; परस्मैपद

• कबन्धाङ्काम्: strewn/marked with headless trunks
• कबन्धाङ्काम्: Karma (कर्म) विशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कबन्ध-अङ्क (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष: कबन्धानाम् अङ्कः (lap/embrace/mark of trunks) इति; विशेषणम् (महीम्)

• महीम्: the ground, earth
• महीम्: Karma (कर्म/Object of wandering over)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मही (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• शोणितकर्दमाम्: miry with blood
• शोणितकर्दमाम्: Karma (कर्म) विशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शोणित-कर्दम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष: शोणितस्य कर्दमः (mud of blood) / रक्तकर्दमयुक्ताम्; विशेषणम् (महीम्)

Context

The Rakshasa women along with Rakshasas came out of the north gate and entered the battlefield screaming 'O son', 'O husband' and crying, seeing the trunks soaked in blood and mud on the ground and went about all over.

Characters & Entities

• Northern gate (uttara-dvāra)
• Rākṣasas
• Rākṣasa women
• Battlefield (āyodhana)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The verse highlights the human cost of adharma-driven conflict: even those not leading the wrongdoing bear devastating consequences.

What is the narrative situation?

The rākṣasa women emerge from Laṅkā and enter the battlefield to find their dead, crying in despair amid gruesome sights.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Not a single hero’s virtue, but the epic’s ethical realism: it compels empathy and reflection on responsibility and collateral suffering.