Shloka 7

Devanagari script

यो हि भृत्यो नियुक्तस्सन्भर्त्रा कर्मणि दुष्करे ।कुर्यात्तदनुरागेण तमाहुः पुरुषोत्तमम् ।।।।

Transliteration

yo hi bhṛtyo niyuktaḥ san bhartrā karmaṇi duṣkare | kuryāt tad anurāgeṇa tam āhuḥ puruṣottamam ||

Translation

ผู้ใดเป็นข้ารับใช้ที่นายมอบหมายงานอันยาก หากยังทำด้วยความรักภักดีอย่างแท้จริง ผู้นั้นแลเรียกว่า “ปุรุโษตตมะ” คือยอดแห่งมนุษย์

Word by Word

• yaḥ: he who
• yaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative), एकवचन (Singular); सम्बन्धबोधक-यः

• hi: indeed
• hi: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: hi (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (emphatic particle)

• bhṛtyaḥ: a servant
• bhṛtyaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject-apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhṛtya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative), एकवचन (Singular)

• niyuktaḥ: appointed/entrusted
• niyuktaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/subject-qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ni+yuj (धातु)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण (bhṛtyaḥ)

• san: being
• san: Karta (कर्ता/subject-qualifier)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: as (धातु)
• Form: वर्तमानकृदन्त (present participle) 'सन्', पुंलिङ्ग प्रथमा एकवचन; भावे 'being'

• bhartrā: by the master
• bhartrā: Karana (करण/Agent-instrumental)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhartṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental), एकवचन (Singular)

• karmaṇi: in the task
• karmaṇi: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Locative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: karman (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative), एकवचन (Singular)

• duṣkare: difficult
• duṣkare: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: duṣkara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative), एकवचन (Singular); विशेषण (karmaṇi)

• kuryāt: should do
• kuryāt: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: kṛ (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular), परस्मैपद

• tad: that
• tad: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative), एकवचन (Singular)

• anurāgeṇa: with affection
• anurāgeṇa: Karana (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: anurāga (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental), एकवचन (Singular)

• tam: him
• tam: Karma (कर्म/Object of āhuḥ)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative), एकवचन (Singular)

• āhuḥ: they call/say
• āhuḥ: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ah (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन (Plural), परस्मैपद

• puruṣottamam: the best of men
• puruṣottamam: Karma (कर्म/Object-complement)
• Type: Noun
• Root: puruṣa+uttama (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative), एकवचन (Singular); समासः तत्पुरुषः (पुरुषेषु उत्तमः)

Context

"He, who carries out a formidable task entrusted to him by the master, with love is said to be the best among men."

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The dharma of loyalty infused with love: duty becomes ennobling when performed with anurāga (wholehearted commitment), not mere compulsion.

What is the narrative situation?

A moral standard is stated while praising Hanumān: the story pauses to define what makes service truly excellent.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Anurāga-yukta kartavya (duty performed with devotion), the hallmark of an ideal helper.