HomeRamayanaYuddha KandaSarga 1Shloka 18
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Shloka 18

प्रथमः सर्गः

Rama Praises Hanuman; Anxiety over Crossing the Ocean

यद्यप्येष तु वृत्तान्तो वैदेह्या गदितो मम ।समुद्रपारगमने हरीणां किमिहोत्तरम् ।।।।

yady apy eṣa tu vṛttānto vaidehyā gadito mama |

samudrapāragamane harīṇāṃ kim ihottaram ||

แม้นางไวเทหีจะเล่าเรื่องทั้งหมดนี้แก่เราแล้วก็ตาม แต่ที่นี่ยังมีข้อหนึ่งค้างอยู่: เหล่าวานรจะข้ามมหาสมุทรได้ด้วยวิธีใดเล่า?

yadithough/if
yadi:
Vākyasambandha (वाक्यसम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootyadi (अव्यय)
FormConjunction (सम्बन्धबोधक), conditional 'if/though'
apieven
api:
Vākyasambandha (वाक्यसम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootapi (अव्यय)
FormParticle (निपात) 'even'
eṣaḥthis
eṣaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootetad (प्रातिपदिक)
FormSarvanāma, Masculine, Nominative, Singular
tubut
tu:
Vākyasambandha (वाक्यसम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
FormParticle (निपात) contrastive
vṛttāntaḥaccount/matter
vṛttāntaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता) / Subject
TypeNoun
Rootvṛttānta (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
vaidehyāby Vaidehi (Sita)
vaidehyā:
Karta (कर्ता) (agent in passive)
TypeNoun
Rootvaidehī (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Instrumental (तृतीया/3), Singular
gaditaḥtold
gaditaḥ:
Predicate (विधेय)
TypeVerb
Root√gad (धातु; गद्)
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Masculine, Nominative, Singular; agrees with vṛttāntaḥ
mamato me
mama:
Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान) (genitive of recipient: 'to me')
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPronoun, Genitive (षष्ठी/6), Singular
samudra-pāra-gamanein crossing the ocean
samudra-pāra-gamane:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootsamudra (प्रातिपदिक) + pāra (प्रातिपदिक) + gamana (प्रातिपदिक)
FormTatpuruṣa (determinative) 'going to the far shore of the ocean'; Neuter, Locative (सप्तमी/7), Singular
harīṇāmof the monkeys
harīṇām:
Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Roothari (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
kimwhat
kim:
Predicate interrogative (प्रश्न-विधेय)
TypeNoun
Rootkim (प्रातिपदिक)
FormInterrogative pronoun (प्रश्न-सर्वनाम), Neuter, Nominative/Accusative (प्रथमा/द्वितीया), Singular; here as predicate 'what (is)...?'
ihahere
iha:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiha (अव्यय)
FormAdverb (देशवाचक)
uttaramanswer/solution
uttaram:
Karta (कर्ता) / Predicate
TypeNoun
Rootuttara (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular; 'answer/solution'

Agitated with sorrow, mighty armed Rama, the destroyer of enemies approached Hanuman and reflected (about the crossing of the ocean).ityārṣē śrīmadrāmāyaṇē vālmīkīyē ādikāvyē yuddhakāṇḍē prathamassargaḥThis is the end of the first Sarga of Yuddha Kanda of the first epic the holy Ramayana composed by sage Valmiki.

R
Rāma
V
Vaidehī (Sītā)
S
Samudra (ocean)

FAQs

Dharma is sustained by clear judgment: even with truthful information (Sītā’s account), action requires a responsible plan that does not endanger allies without purpose.

Rāma acknowledges the news received via Hanumān/Sītā’s message, but focuses on the unresolved logistical challenge of crossing the sea.

Rāma’s leadership accountability: he prioritizes finding a solution for the community (the vānaras), not merely personal urgency.