Shloka 132

समुद्रलङ्घनारम्भः

Commencement of the Ocean-Crossing

Devanagari script

त्वरते कार्यकालो मे अहश्चाप्यतिवर्तते।प्रतिज्ञा च मया दत्ता न स्थातव्यमिहान्तरे।।।।

Transliteration

tvarate kāryakālo me ahaś cāpy ativartate |

pratijñā ca mayā dattā na sthātavyam ihāntare ||

Translation

เวลาที่กำหนดแก่ภารกิจของข้าพเจ้ากำลังกดดัน และวันก็ล่วงไป; ข้าพเจ้าได้ให้สัตย์ไว้แล้ว—จึงไม่ควรหยุดอยู่ที่นี่ระหว่างทาง

Word by Word

• tvarate: hastens
• tvarate: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: tvar (धातु)
• Form: Laṭ (लट्, present), Ātmanepada, 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष) Singular

• kāryakālaḥ: the time for the task
• kāryakālaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kārya (प्रातिपदिक) + kāla (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (प्रथमा) Singular; Tatpuruṣa (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष) ‘of the task—time/occasion’

• me: for me / my
• me: Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Genitive (षष्ठी) Singular; enclitic pronoun

• ahaḥ: the day
• ahaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ahar (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Nominative (प्रथमा) Singular

• ca: and
• ca: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya, conjunction (समुच्चयबोधक)

• api: also
• api: Nipāta (निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: api (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya, particle (निपात) with sense ‘also/even’

• ativartate: passes by, elapses
• ativartate: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ati-vṛt (धातु)
• Form: Laṭ (लट्, present), Ātmanepada, 3rd person Singular; ‘passes beyond’

• pratijñā: a promise
• pratijñā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pratijñā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Nominative (प्रथमा) Singular

• ca: and
• ca: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya, conjunction

• mayā: by me
• mayā: Kartṛ-karaṇa (कर्ता/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Instrumental (तृतीया) Singular

• dattā: given, made
• dattā: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: dā (धातु) + kta (क्त)
• Form: Kṛdanta past passive participle (क्त), Feminine, Nominative (प्रथमा) Singular; agrees with pratijñā

• na: not
• na: Nipāta (निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya, negation particle (निषेध-निपात)

• sthātavyam: (it is) to be stayed; should stay
• sthātavyam: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: sthā (धातु) + tavya (तव्य)
• Form: Kṛtya (तव्यत्) gerundive/future passive participle; Neuter, Nominative (प्रथमा) Singular; impersonal obligation ‘it is to be stayed’ (here negated)

• iha: here
• iha: Deśa-adhikaraṇa (देश-अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iha (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya, adverb (देशवाचक)

• antare: in between, in the interval
• antare: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: antara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Locative (सप्तमी) Singular; adverbial locative ‘in the interval’

Context

"My commitment is hastening me. The day set (for the accomplishment of the task) is also drawing to a close. A vow is made and I will not halt in the middle of my work."

Characters & Entities

• Hanuman
• Pratijñā (vow/promise)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Satya as vow-keeping: once a promise is given for a righteous mission, one should not be diverted by comfort; commitment to duty governs personal preference.

What is the narrative situation?

Hanuman explains why he cannot pause to rest: the mission’s time is limited and his pledged duty requires uninterrupted progress.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Resolve and fidelity to one’s word (pratijñā-pālana).