Shloka 3

सम्पाति

अङ्गदसंवादः / Sampati and Angada: Genealogy, Jatayu, and the Search Vow

Devanagari script

कथमासीज्जनस्थाने युद्धं राक्षसगृध्रयोः।नामधेयमिदं भ्रातुश्चिरस्याद्य मया श्रुतम्।।।।

Transliteration

katham āsīj janasthāne yuddhaṃ rākṣasa-gṛdhrayoḥ | nāmadheyam idaṃ bhrātuś cirasyādya mayā śrutam ||

Translation

หลังจากเนิ่นนาน วันนี้ข้าพเจ้าได้ยินนามของพี่น้องแล้ว จงบอกเถิด—ที่ชนสถานนั้น ศึกระหว่างยักษ์กับนกแร้งเกิดขึ้นอย่างไร

Word by Word

• iccheyam: I would like
• iccheyam: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: iṣ (धातु)
• Form: Optative (विधिलिङ्), 1st person (उत्तमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद)

• giridurgāt: from the mountain-fort/inaccessible mountain
• giridurgāt: Apadana (अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: giri + durga (प्रातिपदिक; समास)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Ablative (पञ्चमी), Singular (एकवचन); Tatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष) ‘gireḥ durgam’

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction (समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय)

• bhavadbhiḥ: by you (all)
• bhavadbhiḥ: Karana/Karta-sahakari (करण/सहकारी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhavat (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pronoun of respect (भवत्), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (तृतीया), Plural (बहुवचन)

• avatāritum: to bring down/help descend
• avatāritum: Prayojana (प्रयोजन; purpose)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ava + tṝ (धातु)
• Form: Infinitive (तुमुन्), indeclinable (अव्ययभाव)

• yavīyasaḥ: of the younger (brother)
• yavīyasaḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yavīyas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Comparative adjective used substantively (विशेषण-प्रयोग), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Genitive (षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन)

• guṇajñasya: of the discerning/virtuous
• guṇajñasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: guṇa + jña (प्रातिपदिक; समास)
• Form: Adjective (विशेषण), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Genitive (षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन); Tatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष) ‘guṇān jānāti’

• ślāghanīyasya: of the praiseworthy
• ślāghanīyasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ślāghanīya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Adjective (विशेषण), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Genitive (षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन)

• vikramaiḥ: by exploits/valour
• vikramaiḥ: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vikrama (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (तृतीया), Plural (बहुवचन)

• atidīrghasya: of very long
• atidīrghasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ati + dīrgha (प्रातिपदिक; उपसर्ग-युक्त)
• Form: Adjective (विशेषण), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Genitive (षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन)

• kālasya: time
• kālasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kāla (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Genitive (षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन)

• parituṣṭaḥ: fully satisfied
• parituṣṭaḥ: Karta-anvaya (कर्तृ-सम्बन्धी विधेय)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pari + tuṣ (धातु) + ta (कृत् प्रत्यय)
• Form: Past participle (क्त), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• asmi: I am
• asmi: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: as (धातु)
• Form: Present (लट्), 1st person (उत्तमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद)

• parikīrtanāt: from the mention/recounting
• parikīrtanāt: Hetu/Apadana (हेतु/अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pari + kīrtana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Ablative (पञ्चमी), Singular (एकवचन)

Context

'I heard my brother's name today after a long time.I wish to know how the demon and the vulture fought at Janasthana.

Characters & Entities

• Sampāti
• Jaṭāyu (implied as 'brother')
• Janasthāna
• Rākṣasa (demon, i.e., Rāvaṇa in context)
• Gṛdhra (vulture)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma here appears as truthful inquiry and remembrance of kinship—Sampāti seeks accurate knowledge about his brother and the righteous context of the conflict.

What is the narrative situation?

Sampāti, meeting the despairing vānaras, hears Jaṭāyu’s name and asks how the fight at Jana­sthāna occurred.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Sampāti’s familial loyalty and seriousness about truth (satya) in recounting events.