Shloka 16

अङ्गद

उपदेशः — Hanuman’s Counsel to Angada on Succession and Strategy

Devanagari script

अवस्थाने यदैव त्वमासिष्यसि परन्तप।तदैव हरयस्सर्वे त्यक्ष्यन्ति कृतनिश्चयाः।।।

Transliteration

avasthāne yadaiva tvam āsiṣyasi parantapa |

tadaiva harayaḥ sarve tyakṣyanti kṛta-niścayāḥ || 4.54.16 ||

Translation

โอ้ผู้เผาผลาญศัตรู ครั้นเมื่อใดท่านตัดสินใจจะหยุดอยู่ ณ ที่นี้ เมื่อนั้นเอง วานรทั้งปวงผู้มีปณิธานมั่นคง จะละทิ้งท่านไป

Word by Word

• स्मरन्तः: remembering
• स्मरन्तः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √स्मृ (धातु)
• Form: शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त वर्तमानकृदन्त (present active participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन

• पुत्रदाराणाम्: of sons and wives
• पुत्रदाराणाम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुत्र-दार (प्रातिपदिक; पुत्र + दार)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th), बहुवचन

• नित्योद्विग्नाः: always anxious
• नित्योद्विग्नाः: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नित्य-उद्विग्न (प्रातिपदिक; नित्य + उद्विग्न (PPP of √विज्/√द्विज् with उद्-))
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; विशेषण

• बुभुक्षिताः: hungry
• बुभुक्षिताः: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: बुभुक्षित (कृदन्त; desiderative base from √भुज्/√भुज् ‘to eat’ + क्त)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; ‘hungry’

• खेदिताः: distressed
• खेदिताः: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: खेदित (कृदन्त; √खिद् (धातु) + क्त)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; ‘afflicted’

• दुःखशय्याभिः: by miserable beds
• दुःखशय्याभिः: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुःख-शय्या (प्रातिपदिक; दुःख + शय्या)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd), बहुवचन; कारण/means

• त्वाम्: you
• त्वाम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन

• करिष्यन्ति: will leave (behind)
• करिष्यन्ति: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √कृ (धातु)
• Form: लृट् (Future), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), बहुवचन; idiomatically ‘will make (you) behind’ = ‘leave behind’

• पृष्ठतः: behind
• पृष्ठतः: Deśa (देश)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पृष्ठतः (अव्यय; from पृष्ठ)
• Form: अव्यय (देश/adverb of place): ‘from behind/behind’

Context

'O scorcher of enemies! the moment you decide to establish yourself here, all thesemonkeys will surely desert you.

Characters & Entities

• Aṅgada (implied by address parantapa)
• vānaras (harayaḥ)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is collective responsibility and loyalty: a leader must not choose a course that severs him from allies and shared duty.

What is the narrative situation?

Aṅgada is warned that choosing to stay behind (in the cave/refuge) will cause the troop to leave him and return to their obligation under Sugrīva.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Accountability in leadership—decisions must consider the cohesion and moral commitments of one’s followers.