Shloka 11

मैत्रीप्रतिष्ठा

Rama–Sugriva Alliance and Fire-Rite of Friendship

Devanagari script

तन्ममैवैष सत्कारो लाभश्चैवोत्तमः प्रभो।यत्त्वमिच्छसि सौहार्दं वानरेण मया सह4.5.11।।

Transliteration

tan mamaivaiṣa satkāro lābhaś caivottamaḥ prabho |

yat tvam icchasi sauhārdaṁ vānarena mayā saha || 4.5.11 ||

Translation

ข้าแต่พระผู้เป็นเจ้า สำหรับข้าพเจ้า นี่คือเกียรติสูงสุดและลาภอันประเสริฐยิ่ง ที่พระองค์ทรงปรารถนามิตรภาพกับข้าพเจ้า ผู้เป็นเพียงวานร

Word by Word

• तत्: that
• तत्: विशेष्यनिर्देश (Correlative/Deictic)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; अनिर्णीत-विभक्ति (correlative "that")

• मम: my
• मम: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम)
• Form: षष्ठी (सम्बन्ध), एकवचन

• एव: indeed
• एव: अवधारण (Emphasis)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, अवधारण (particle of emphasis)

• एषः: this
• एषः: कर्ता (Kartā; nominal predicate subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; निर्देशवाचक (deictic pronoun)

• सत्कारः: honour
• सत्कारः: प्रधानीय (Predicate nominative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सत्कार (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• लाभः: gain
• लाभः: प्रधानीय (Predicate nominative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: लाभ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (Conjunctive)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, समुच्चयबोधक (conjunction)

• एव: indeed
• एव: अवधारण (Emphasis)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, अवधारण (emphasis)

• उत्तमः: best
• उत्तमः: विशेषण (Adjectival)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उत्तम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (qualifier of लाभः/सत्कारः)

• प्रभो: O lord
• प्रभो: सम्बोधन (Address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रभु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (vocative), एकवचन

• यत्: that (which)
• यत्: सम्बन्ध (Relative marker)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; सम्बन्धसूचक (relative "that which")

• त्वम्: you
• त्वम्: कर्ता (Kartā/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (कर्ता), एकवचन

• इच्छसि: wish/desire
• इच्छसि: क्रिया (Kriyā/Predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: इष् (धातु)
• Form: लट् (वर्तमान/Present), मध्यमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपदम्

• सौहार्दम्: friendship
• सौहार्दम्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सौहार्द (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (कर्म), एकवचन

• वानरेण: with a monkey
• वानरेण: सहकारक (Saha/Association)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वानर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (सह/करण), एकवचन

• मया: with me
• मया: सहकारक (Saha/Association)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम)
• Form: तृतीया (सह/करण), एकवचन

• सह: together with
• सह: सहकारक (Saha/Association marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सह (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, सहार्थक (postposition/adverb meaning "together with")

Context

'If you are desirous of my friendship, here is my arm (palm) stretched out to you. With due regard, establish our bond firmly, holding my palm in yours.'

Characters & Entities

• Sugrīva
• Rāma

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is expressed as honoring worthy bonds: Sugrīva treats friendship with a righteous person as a moral fortune, not merely a political advantage.

What is the narrative situation?

After initial introductions, Sugrīva responds to Rāma’s willingness to befriend him, framing it as an extraordinary honor despite Sugrīva’s simian status.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Humility and gratitude: Sugrīva acknowledges social difference yet receives friendship with reverence, showing readiness for a dharmic alliance.