Shloka 19

एकोनपञ्चाशः सर्गः (Sarga 49)

Aṅgada Re-energizes the Southern Search Party

Devanagari script

ते तु दृष्टिगतं कृत्वा तं शैलं बहुकन्दरम्।अवारोहन्त हरयो वीक्षमाणास्समन्ततः।।।।

Transliteration

te tu dṛṣṭigataṃ kṛtvā taṃ śailaṃ bahukandaram | avārohanta harayo vīkṣamāṇāḥ samantataḥ ||

Translation

ครั้นเมื่อเพ่งมองภูเขาที่มีถ้ำมากนั้นให้ทั่วถึง และกวาดสายตาไปโดยรอบแล้ว เหล่าวานรก็พากันลงจากเขา

Word by Word

• ते: they
• ते: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः (Nominative), बहुवचनम्; सर्वनाम (pronoun)

• तु: but/indeed
• तु: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/वाक्य-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निपात (particle), विरोध/विशेषार्थे ‘but/indeed’

• दृष्टिगतम्: (it) seen/come into view
• दृष्टिगतम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: dṛṣṭi-gata (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गे, द्वितीया-विभक्तिः (Accusative), एकवचनम्; तत्पुरुष-समासः (दृष्टिम् गतम् = come into sight/seen)

• कृत्वा: having done
• कृत्वा: Kriya-visheṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: kṛ (कृ धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त-अव्यय (absolutive/gerund); ‘having done/made’

• तम्: that
• तम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, द्वितीया-विभक्तिः (Accusative), एकवचनम्; सर्वनाम

• शैलम्: mountain
• शैलम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śaila (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, द्वितीया-विभक्तिः (Accusative), एकवचनम्

• बहुकन्दरम्: having many caves
• बहुकन्दरम्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: bahu-kandara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, द्वितीया-विभक्तिः (Accusative), एकवचनम्; कर्मधारय-समासः (बहवः कन्दराः यस्मिन्)

• अवारोहन्त: descended
• अवारोहन्त: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ava-ruh (रुह् धातु)
• Form: लङ्-लकारः (Imperfect/past), प्रथम-पुरुषः (3rd person), बहुवचनम्; परस्मैपदम्

• हरयः: monkeys (vanaras)
• हरयः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: hari (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः (Nominative), बहुवचनम्

• वीक्षमाणाः: looking
• वीक्षमाणाः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vi-īkṣ (ईक्ष् धातु)
• Form: वर्तमान-कृदन्त (शतृ/शानच्), प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, पुंलिङ्गे, बहुवचनम्; ‘while looking’

• समन्ततः: everywhere/on all sides
• समन्ततः: Desha-adhikarana (देश-अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: samantatas (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; क्रियाविशेषण (adverb) ‘on all sides’

Context

Having looked all over the mountain and many caverns, those monkeys got down from the mountain.

Characters & Entities

• vānara-s

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma as diligence and completeness: they do not abandon a site until it is thoroughly checked.

What is the narrative situation?

Having scanned the mountain and its caves, the troop comes down to continue elsewhere.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Kārya-kauśala (competent execution) and apramāda (carefulness).