Shloka 11

Devanagari script

विचिताः पर्वतास्सर्वे वनानि गहनानि च।निम्नगास्सागरान्ताश्च सर्वे जनपदाश्च ये।।4.47.11।।

Transliteration

vicitāḥ parvatāḥ sarve vanāni gahanāni ca |

nimnagāḥ sāgarāntāś ca sarve janapadāś ca ye || 4.47.11 ||

Translation

ภูเขาทั้งปวงถูกสืบค้นแล้ว ทั้งพงไพรอันหนาทึบ; แม่น้ำทั้งหลายที่ไหลลงสู่มหาสมุทรก็ถูกตรวจดู และชนบทบ้านเมืองที่มีผู้คนอาศัยอยู่ทุกแห่งก็ถูกค้นหา

Word by Word

• विचिताः: were searched
• विचिताः: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि + चि (धातु)
• Form: क्त (PPP), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; ‘(they) have been searched’

• पर्वताः: mountains
• पर्वताः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पर्वत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• सर्वे: all
• सर्वे: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; विशेषणम्—पर्वताः

• वनानि: forests
• वनानि: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• गहनानि: dense/inaccessible
• गहनानि: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: गहन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; विशेषणम्—वनानि

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक निपात

• निम्नगाः: rivers
• निम्नगाः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: निम्नगा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• सागरान्ताः: ending in the sea
• सागरान्ताः: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सागर + अन्त (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (सागरः अन्तः यस्य/यासाम्); स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; विशेषणम्—निम्नगाः

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक निपात

• सर्वे: all
• सर्वे: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; विशेषणम्—जनपदाः

• जनपदाः: countries/regions
• जनपदाः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जनपद (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक निपात

• ये: which/that
• ये: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; सम्बन्धबोधक (relative pronoun)

Context

The monkeys used to search for Sita all day determinedly and at night assemble at one place.

Characters & Entities

• mountains
• forests
• rivers
• sea (sāgara)
• janapadas (settled regions)
• Sita (implied by the search)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is exhaustive effort in a righteous mission—searching across all terrains without negligence.

What is the narrative situation?

A search party summarizes the breadth of places covered while looking for Sita.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Conscientiousness—leaving no category of place unexplored.