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Shloka 4

पृथिवीमण्डलपरिज्ञानम्

Sugriva on Surveying the Earth’s Regions

यदा तु दुन्दुभिं नाम दानवं महिषाकृतिम्।परिकालयते वाली मलयं प्रति पर्वतम्।।4.46.3।।तदा विवेश महिषो मलयस्य गुहां प्रति।विवेश वाली तत्रापि मलयं तज्जिघांसया।।4.46.4।।

tadā viveśa mahiṣo malayasya guhāṃ prati | viveśa vālī tatrāpi malayaṃ taj-jighāṃsayā ||

ครั้งนั้นเจ้ามหิษะได้เข้าไปสู่ถ้ำแห่งภูเขามลยะ และพาลีก็ย่างกรายเข้าไป ณ ที่นั้นด้วย ด้วยแรงปรารถนาจะฆ่ามันให้ตาย

ततःthen
ततः:
कालाधिकरण (Temporal setting)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः (अव्यय)
Formकाल/क्रम-अव्यय (then)
अहम्I
अहम्:
कर्ता (Kartā/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (प्रातिपदिक; सर्वनाम)
Formउत्तमपुरुष-सर्वनाम, प्रथमा, एकवचन
तत्रthere
तत्र:
देशाधिकरण (Spatial setting)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र (अव्यय)
Formदेशवाचक-अव्यय (there)
निक्षिप्तःwas stationed/left
निक्षिप्तः:
कर्ता-विशेषण (Subject predicate)
TypeAdjective
Rootनिक्षिप्त (कृदन्त; √क्षिप् धातु + नि-)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; भूतकृदन्त (PPP/क्त) — ‘placed/left’
गुहाद्वारिat the cave-entrance
गुहाद्वारि:
अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Location)
TypeNoun
Rootगुहा + द्वार (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (द्वार-शब्दः), सप्तमी, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः ‘गुहायाः द्वारम्’
विनीतवत्obediently, dutifully
विनीतवत्:
क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial manner)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootविनीत + वत् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formवत्-प्रत्ययान्त-अव्यय (adverbial ‘like/with the manner of the disciplined/obedient’)
not
:
निषेध (Negation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेध-निपात (negation)
and
:
समुच्चय (Conjunction)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction ‘and’)
निष्क्रामतेdoes not come out/return
निष्क्रामते:
क्रिया (Kriyā/Verb)
TypeVerb
Root√क्रम् (धातु) + निस्- (उपसर्ग)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), आत्मनेपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन
वालीVali
वाली:
कर्ता (Kartā/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootवालिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
तदाthen
तदा:
कालाधिकरण (Temporal setting)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा (अव्यय)
Formकालवाचक-अव्यय (then)
संवत्सरेwhen a year
संवत्सरे:
अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Time-locative)
TypeNoun
Rootसंवत्सर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन
गतेhad passed
गते:
अधिकरण (Temporal qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootगत (कृदन्त; √गम् धातु)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन; भूतकृदन्त (PPP/क्त) — ‘having passed’ (agreeing with संवत्सरे)

Vali chased the demon Dundubhi in buffalo form into a cave of mount Malaya in order to kill him.

S
Sugriva
R
Rama
V
Vālī
D
Dundubhi
C
cave (guhā)

FAQs

The verse highlights how intention (saṅkalpa)—here, the will to kill—drives action; Dharma later evaluates whether such intent is restrained by wisdom and duty.

Dundubhi flees into a cave; Vālī follows inside, escalating the episode that will separate the brothers.

Courage and determination—tempered in the larger story by the need for discernment.