Shloka 13

सुग्रीवस्य शतवलि-प्रेषणम्

Sugriva’s Commission to Satavali for the Northern Search

Devanagari script

तत्र म्लेच्छान्पुलिन्दांश्च शूरसेनांस्तथैव च।प्रस्थलान्भरतांश्चैव कुरूंश्च सह मद्रकैः।।4.43.11।।काम्बोजान्यवनां श्चैव शकानारट्टकानपि।बाह्लीकानृषिकां श्चैव पौरवानथ टङ्कणान्।।4.43.12।।चीनान्परमचीनांश्च नीहारांश्च पुनः पुनः।अन्विष्यदरदांश्चैव हिमवन्तं तथैव च।।4.43.13।।

Transliteration

uvāca rājā dharmajñaḥ sarva-vānara-sattamam |

vākyam ātma-hitaṃ caiva rāmasya ca hitaṃ tathā ||4.43.2||

Translation

พระราชาสุครีวะ ผู้รู้ธรรม ได้ตรัสแก่ผู้ประเสริฐที่สุดในหมู่วานรทั้งปวง ด้วยถ้อยคำอันมุ่งประโยชน์แก่ตน และมุ่งประโยชน์แก่พระรามด้วยเช่นกัน

Word by Word

• ततः: then
• ततः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (अव्यय)
• Form: क्रमवाचक अव्यय (then/thereafter)

• सोमाश्रमम्: Soma's hermitage
• सोमाश्रमम्: Karma (कर्म/Object of ‘having gone’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सोम + आश्रम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; समासः तत्पुरुषः (सोमस्य आश्रमः)

• गत्वा: having gone
• गत्वा: Kriya (क्रिया/Converb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम् (धातु) → गत्वा (कृदन्त)
• Form: क्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययभाव (gerund/absolutive)

• देवगन्धर्वसेवितम्: inhabited by gods and gandharvas
• देवगन्धर्वसेवितम्: Karma-samānādhikaraṇa (कर्मसमानााधिकरण/Attribute of object)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: देव + गन्धर्व + सेवित (कृदन्त)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (PPP) ‘served/inhabited’; समासः द्वन्द्वः (देव-गन्धर्व) + तत्पुरुषः (सेवितम्)

• कालम्: Kāla
• कालम्: Karma (कर्म/Object; appositional with पर्वतम्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: काल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• नाम: named
• नाम: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नाम (अव्यय)
• Form: नाम-निपात (indeclinable used to indicate naming)

• महासानुम्: with great slopes/ridges
• महासानुम्: Karma-samānādhikaraṇa (कर्मसमानााधिकरण/Attribute)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महा + सानु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; समासः कर्मधारयः (महान् सानुः यस्य) used as adjective to पर्वतम्

• पर्वतम्: mountain
• पर्वतम्: Karma (कर्म/Object of ‘you will go’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पर्वत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• तु: also/indeed
• तु: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात; emphasis/contrast

• गमिष्यथ: you will go
• गमिष्यथ: Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम् (धातु)
• Form: लृट् (Simple Future), मध्यमपुरुष (2nd person), बहुवचन; परस्मैपद

Context

'Search in the countries of Mlechas, Pulindas, Surasenas, Prasthalas, Bharatas, Madrakas, Kurus, Kambojas and even Yavanas, Shakas, Rattakas, Bahlikas, Rishikas, Pauravas, Tankanas, Cheenas, Paramacheenas, Niharas, Daradas and in the Himalaya mountains again and again in order to find her.

Characters & Entities

• Sugriva
• Rama

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma here is leadership aligned with righteousness: a king speaks and plans not merely for personal advantage but for the just cause of aiding Rāma.

What is the narrative situation?

Sugrīva begins issuing mission-guidance to the vānaras for the search for Sītā, framing the counsel as beneficial both to himself and to Rāma.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Sugrīva’s prudence and dharma-minded leadership—he weighs actions by welfare, alliance-duty, and righteous purpose.