Shloka 22

Devanagari script

अमित्राणां वधे युक्तो मित्राणां सङ्ग्रहे रतः।।4.38.22।।त्रिवर्गफलभोक्ता तु राजा धर्मेण युज्यते।

Transliteration

amitrāṇāṃ vadhe yukto mitrāṇāṃ saṅgrahe rataḥ | trivargaphalabhoktā tu rājā dharmeṇa yujyate ||

Translation

พระราชาผู้เหมาะแก่การปราบศัตรู และยินดีในการคุ้มครองสหาย ย่อมเสวยผลแห่งไตรวรรค; ผู้ปกครองเช่นนั้นแลจึงประกอบอยู่ในธรรมะโดยแท้

Word by Word

• अमित्राणाम्: of enemies
• अमित्राणाम्: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अमित्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), बहुवचनम्

• वधे: in slaying
• वधे: अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Locative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचनम्

• युक्तः: fit/engaged
• युक्तः: विशेषण (Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: √युज् (धातु) → युक्त (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त, पुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा, एकवचनम्; विशेषणम् (राजा)

• मित्राणाम्: of friends
• मित्राणाम्: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मित्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गः, षष्ठी, बहुवचनम्

• सङ्ग्रहे: in protecting/maintaining
• सङ्ग्रहे: अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Locative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सङ्ग्रह (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, सप्तमी, एकवचनम्

• रतः: devoted
• रतः: विशेषण (Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: √रम् (धातु) → रत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त, पुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा, एकवचनम्; विशेषणम् (राजा)

• त्रिवर्गफलभोक्ता: enjoyer of the fruits of the three aims
• त्रिवर्गफलभोक्ता: विशेषण/प्रधाना-विशेष्य (Predicate attribute of राजा)
• Type: Noun
• Root: त्रि + वर्ग + फल + भोक्तृ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा, एकवचनम्; तत्पुरुषः (त्रिवर्गस्य फलस्य भोक्ता = enjoyer of the fruits of the three aims)

• तु: indeed
• तु: सम्बन्ध (Discourse particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: विशेषण-अव्ययम् (particle)

• राजा: a king
• राजा: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा, एकवचनम्

• धर्मेण: by righteousness
• धर्मेण: करण (Karaṇa/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धर्म (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचनम्

• युज्यते: is united/associated
• युज्यते: क्रिया (Main verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √युज् (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुषः, एकवचनम्; आत्मनेपदम्; कर्मणि-प्रयोगः (passive sense: is joined)

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Sugrīva
• Enemies (amitra)
• Friends (mitra)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Rāja-dharma is protective and relational: restrain or destroy threats (amitra) and preserve alliances (mitra). When power is exercised with righteousness, the ruler legitimately attains dharma, artha, and kāma.

What is the narrative situation?

Rāma continues giving governance counsel to Sugrīva, defining a dharmic king by enemy-control, friend-protection, and balanced human aims.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Just leadership—firmness against harm and loyalty toward allies, guided by dharma.