Shloka 9

शरत्प्रवेशे रामविलापः तथा सुग्रीवप्रमादे लक्ष्मणप्रेषणम्

Autumn’s Onset: Rama’s Lament and Lakshmana Sent to Sugriva

Devanagari script

या पुरा कलहंसानां स्वरेण कलभाषिणी।बुध्यते चारुसर्वाङ्गी साऽद्य मे बुद्ध्यते कथम्।।

Transliteration

yā purā kalahaṃsānāṃ svareṇa kalabhāṣiṇī |

budhyate cāru-sarvāṅgī sā ’dya me budhyate katham ||

Translation

นางผู้เคย—เสียงหวานดุจลูกช้าง และงามพร้อมทุกอวัยวะ—ตื่นขึ้นด้วยเสียงหงส์ในกาลก่อน วันนี้สีตาของข้าจะตื่นขึ้นได้อย่างไรเล่า

Word by Word

• yā: she who
• yā: Kartā (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Strīliṅga, Prathamā (Nominative/1st), Ekavacana; relative pronoun

• purā: formerly
• purā: Kālādhi karaṇa (कालाधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: purā (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb of time (काल-अव्यय)

• kalahaṃsānām: of the swans
• kalahaṃsānām: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kalahaṃsa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Ṣaṣṭhī (Genitive/6th), Bahuvacana

• svareṇa: by the sound/voice
• svareṇa: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: svara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Tṛtīyā (Instrumental/3rd), Ekavacana

• kalabhāṣiṇī: sweet-speaking
• kalabhāṣiṇī: Kartṛ-viśeṣaṇa (कर्ता-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: kalabhāṣiṇī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Strīliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; tatpuruṣa: kalam (sweet) + bhāṣiṇī (speaker)

• budhyate: awakes/is awakened
• budhyate: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √budh (धातु)
• Form: Laṭ-lakāra (Present), Ātmanepada, Prathama-puruṣa, Ekavacana

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction particle (समुच्चय-अव्यय)

• cāru-sarvāṅgī: having beautiful limbs
• cāru-sarvāṅgī: Kartṛ-viśeṣaṇa (कर्ता-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: cāru + sarvāṅgī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Strīliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; karmadhāraya: cāru (beautiful) qualifying sarvāṅgī (one with all limbs)

• sā: she
• sā: Kartā (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Strīliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; resumptive pronoun

• adya: today/now
• adya: Kālādhi karaṇa (कालाधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: adya (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb of time (काल-अव्यय)

• me: of me/my
• me: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Ṣaṣṭhī (Genitive/6th), Ekavacana; enclitic form

• budhyate: awakes/is awakened
• budhyate: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √budh (धातु)
• Form: Laṭ-lakāra (Present), Ātmanepada, Prathama-puruṣa, Ekavacana

• katham: how
• katham: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: katham (अव्यय)
• Form: Interrogative adverb (प्रश्न-अव्यय)

Context

'How will my Sita with her charming limbs and sweet words, who used to get up from sleep by the cackle of swans, wake up now?

Characters & Entities

• Sita
• Rama
• swans (kalahaṃsa)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is expressed as unwavering marital fidelity and compassion: Rāma’s sorrow arises from righteous love and responsibility toward Sītā.

What is the narrative situation?

Rāma grieves for Sītā, recalling her gentle habits, while the delay in the search intensifies his anguish.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Tenderness and steadfast devotion—Rāma’s emotional integrity reinforces his commitment to rescue Sītā.