Shloka 66

शरत्प्रवेशे रामविलापः तथा सुग्रीवप्रमादे लक्ष्मणप्रेषणम्

Autumn’s Onset: Rama’s Lament and Lakshmana Sent to Sugriva

Devanagari script

प्रियाविहीने दुःखार्ते हृतराज्ये विवासिते।कृपां न कुरुते राजा सुग्रीवो मयि लक्ष्मण।।

Transliteration

priyāvihīne duḥkhārte hṛtarājye vivāsite | kṛpāṃ na kurute rājā sugrīvo mayi lakṣmaṇa ||

Translation

โอ้ลักษมณะ แม้ข้าพเจ้าจะพรากจากผู้เป็นที่รัก ทุกข์ระทม ถูกชิงราชสมบัติ และอยู่ในเนรเทศ พระราชาสุครีวะก็หาได้เมตตากรุณาต่อข้าพเจ้าไม่

Word by Word

• priyā-vihīne: in (one) deprived of his wife
• priyā-vihīne: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: priyā (प्रातिपदिक) + vihīna (कृदन्ताधारित)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (m.), सप्तमी (Locative), एकवचन (singular); तत्पुरुषः (priyayā vihīnaḥ = deprived of beloved/wife)

• duḥkha-ārte: in (one) distressed by grief
• duḥkha-ārte: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: duḥkha (प्रातिपदिक) + ārta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (m.), सप्तमी (Locative), एकवचन (singular); तत्पुरुषः (duḥkhena ārtaḥ = afflicted by sorrow)

• hṛta-rājye: in (one) whose kingdom is lost
• hṛta-rājye: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: hṛta (कृदन्त) + rājya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (m.), सप्तमी (Locative), एकवचन (singular); तत्पुरुषः (hṛtaṃ rājyaṃ yasya = whose kingdom is taken away)

• vivāsite: in (one) banished
• vivāsite: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vi + vas (धातु)
• Form: कृदन्तः (past passive participle, क्त), पुंलिङ्ग (m.), सप्तमी (Locative), एकवचन (singular); ‘banished’

• kṛpām: mercy
• kṛpām: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kṛpā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (f.), द्वितीया (Accusative), एकवचन (singular)

• na: not
• na: Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, निषेधार्थक

• kurute: shows, does
• kurute: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: kṛ (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), आत्मनेपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (singular)

• rājā: king
• rājā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rājan (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (m.), प्रथमा (Nominative), एकवचन (singular)

• sugrīvaḥ: Sugrīva
• sugrīvaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sugrīva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (m.), प्रथमा (Nominative), एकवचन (singular); apposition to rājā

• mayi: towards me, in my case
• mayi: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सप्तमी (Locative), एकवचन (singular); सर्वनाम

• lakṣmaṇa: O Lakṣmaṇa
• lakṣmaṇa: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: lakṣmaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (m.), सम्बोधन (Vocative), एकवचन (singular)

Context

'O Lakshmana! king Sugriva shows no mercy on one, who is grief-stricken, separated from his wife, and banished from the kingdom.

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Lakṣmaṇa
• Sugrīva

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma includes compassion and reciprocity: one who has received help must not abandon the helper; friendship demands timely support and gratitude.

What is the narrative situation?

Rāma feels neglected after assisting Sugrīva; despite Rāma’s suffering, Sugrīva delays action and remains indifferent.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Rāma’s moral clarity about relational obligations—he expects a king to act with empathy and repay assistance.