Shloka 45

शरत्प्रवेशे रामविलापः तथा सुग्रीवप्रमादे लक्ष्मणप्रेषणम्

Autumn’s Onset: Rama’s Lament and Lakshmana Sent to Sugriva

Devanagari script

चञ्चच्चन्द्रकरस्पर्शहर्षोन्मीलिततारका।अहो रागवती सन्ध्या जहाति स्वयमम्बरम्।।

Transliteration

cañcac-candrakarasparśaharṣonmīlitatārakā |

aho rāgavatī sandhyā jahāti svayam ambaram ||

Translation

เมื่อหมู่ดาวเบิกบานผลิบานด้วยความปีติจากสัมผัสอันซุกซนของแสงจันทร์—โอ้—สนธยาสีแดงเรื่อผู้นี้ก็จากฟากฟ้าไปด้วยตนเอง

Word by Word

• cañcat-candra-kara-sparśa-harṣa-unmīlita-tārakā: whose stars open with joy at the touch of moonbeams
• cañcat-candra-kara-sparśa-harṣa-unmīlita-tārakā: Karta-anvaya (कर्ता-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: cañcat (कृदन्त; √cañc 'चञ्च्' pres.part. 'trembling/moving') + candra (प्रातिपदिक) + kara (प्रातिपदिक) + sparśa (प्रातिपदिक) + harṣa (प्रातिपदिक) + unmīlita (कृदन्त; ud-√mīl 'मील्' क्त) + tārakā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: बहुव्रीहिसमासः; स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचनम्; सन्ध्या विशेषयति—'यस्यां तारकाः चन्द्रकरस्पर्शहर्षेण उन्मीलिताः' (in which stars open due to joy at the touch of moving moonbeams)

• aho: ah!
• aho: Bhāva-dyotaka (भाव- द्योतक)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: aho (अव्यय)
• Form: विस्मयादिबोधक-अव्ययम् (exclamation)

• rāgavatī: reddish/coloured
• rāgavatī: Karta-anvaya
• Type: Adjective
• Root: rāgavat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचनम्; सन्ध्या विशेषयति

• sandhyā: twilight
• sandhyā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sandhyā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचनम्

• jahāti: leaves
• jahāti: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √hā (धातु; 'हा' to abandon)
• Form: लट्-लकारः, प्रथमपुरुषः, एकवचनम्; परस्मैपदम्

• svayam: by herself
• svayam: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: svayam (अव्यय)
• Form: स्वतन्त्रतावाचक-अव्ययम् (reflexive adverb: by herself)

• ambaram: the sky
• ambaram: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ambara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचनम्

Context

'While the stars appear with the soothing touch of the Moon's beams, this ruddy twilight is quitting the sky on her own.

Characters & Entities

• candra (Moon)
• tārā (stars)
• sandhyā (twilight)
• ambara (sky)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is steadiness through transition: twilight naturally yields to night, suggesting acceptance of change without resentment—an inner discipline essential for truthful living (satya).

What is the narrative situation?

The scene shifts from evening to night in autumn; the imagery heightens Rama’s reflective state during separation from Sita.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Kṣānti (forbearance): the capacity to endure the passing of time and changing states without losing moral direction.