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Shloka 15

हनूमता सुग्रीवस्य कालधर्मोपदेशः

Hanuman’s Counsel on Timely Ally-Duty

Devanagari script

यदिदं मित्रकार्यं वीर नोमित्रकार्यमरिन्दम ।।क्रियतां राघवस्यैतद्वैदेह्याः परिमार्गणम्।तदिदं वीर कार्यं ते कालातीतमरिन्दम ।।

Transliteration

yad idaṃ mitrakāryaṃ vīra no mitrakāryam arindama |

kriyatāṃ rāghavasyaitad vaidehyāḥ parimārgaṇam |

tad idaṃ vīra kāryaṃ te kālātītam arindama ||

Translation

โอ้วีรบุรุษ ผู้ปราบศัตรู นี่คือกิจของมิตรเรา จงทำภารกิจของราฆวะให้สำเร็จ—จงสืบเสาะหาไวเทหี โอ้วีรชนผู้บดขยี้ศัตรู หน้าที่ของท่านนี้ล่วงกาลมานานแล้ว

Word by Word
यत्that which
यत्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘which/that’ (correlative with इदम्)
इदम्this
इदम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootidam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘this’
मित्रकार्यंa friend’s task
मित्रकार्यं:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootmitra + kārya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; समास: मित्रस्य कार्यम् (a friend’s task)
वीरO hero
वीर:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootvīra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (Vocative), एकवचन
नःour/of us
नः:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी (6th/Genitive), बहुवचन; ‘of us/our’
मित्रकार्यंa friend’s task
मित्रकार्यं:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootmitra + kārya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन
अरिन्दमO subduer of enemies
अरिन्दम:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootarindama (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन; ‘subduer of enemies’
क्रियताम्let (it) be done
क्रियताम्:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√kṛ (कृ) (धातु)
Formलोट् (Imperative), कर्मणि-प्रयोग (passive), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; ‘let it be done’
राघवस्यof Rama
राघवस्य:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootrāghava (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन; ‘of Rāghava (Rama)’
एतत्this
एतत्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootetad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘this’
वैदेह्याःof Vaidehi (Sita)
वैदेह्याः:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootvaidehī (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन; ‘of Vaidehī (Sītā)’
परिमार्गणम्search
परिमार्गणम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootpari + mārgaṇa (प्रातिपदिक; from √mṛg/√mārg ‘to seek’, nominal)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘search’
तत्that
तत्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘that’
इदम्this
इदम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootidam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘this’
वीरO hero
वीर:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootvīra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन
कार्यंtask
कार्यं:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootkārya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘task’
तेfor you/to you
ते:
Sampradana (सम्प्रदान)
TypeNoun
Rootyusmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formचतुर्थी (4th/Dative) एकवचन (or षष्ठी/Genitive in some contexts); here: ‘for you/your’
कालातीतम्overdue/delayed
कालातीतम्:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootkāla + atīta (कृदन्त; ‘अतीत’ = ati + √i (इ) + क्त)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; समास: काले अतीतम् (time-overdue)
अरिन्दमO subduer of enemies
अरिन्दम:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootarindama (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन
Context

'O subduer of enemies! we should do the brave deed of finding Vaidehi for the sake of your friend. O crusher of enemies! this is your duty at present and it is already delayed.

Characters & Entities
S
Sugriva
R
Rama (Rāghava)
S
Sita (Vaidehī)

FAQs

Mitra-dharma demands action, not words: the ally’s urgent need (searching for Sita) must be treated as one’s own duty, especially when delay has already occurred.

Sugriva is commanded to begin the organized search for Sita, fulfilling the alliance with Rama after enjoying the fruits of Rama’s help.

Accountability in friendship—courage and promptness in repaying an ally’s assistance.

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