Shloka 44

वर्षावर्णनम्

The Monsoon Description and Rama’s Counsel on Timing

Devanagari script

मेघास्समुद्धूतसमुद्रनादाःमहाजलौघैर्गगनावलम्बाः।नदीस्तटाकानि सरांसि वापीर्महीं च कृत्स्नामपवाहयन्ति।।

Transliteration

meghāḥ samuddhūta-samudra-nādāḥ mahā-jalaughair gaganāvalambāḥ | nadīs taṭākāni sarāṃsi vāpīḥ mahīṃ ca kṛtsnām apavāhayanti ||

Translation

หมู่เมฆที่ห้อยค้างอยู่บนฟ้าพร้อมสายน้ำมหาศาล กลบเสียงคำรามแห่งมหาสมุทรเสียสิ้น; มันทำให้แม่น้ำ สระ บึง ทะเลสาบ และบ่อทั้งหลายเอ่อล้น จนท่วมแผ่นดินทั่วทั้งผืน

Word by Word

• मेघाः: clouds
• मेघाः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मेघ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• समुद्धूतसमुद्रनादाः: having stirred up the roar of the sea
• समुद्धूतसमुद्रनादाः: Karta-anvayi (कर्तृविशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सम् + उद् + धू (धातु) → समुद्धूत (कृदन्त, क्त) + समुद्र (प्रातिपदिक) + नाद (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; agrees with मेघाः

• महाजलौघैः: with great torrents of water
• महाजलौघैः: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: महा (प्रातिपदिक) + जलौघ (प्रातिपदिक; जल + ओघ)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास; पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन

• गगनावलम्बाः: hanging in the sky
• गगनावलम्बाः: Karta-anvayi (कर्तृविशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: गगन (प्रातिपदिक) + अवलम्ब (प्रातिपदिक; from अवलम्ब्)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; agrees with मेघाः

• नदीः: rivers
• नदीः: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नदी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन

• तटाकानि: tanks/ponds
• तटाकानि: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तटाक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन

• सरांसि: lakes
• सरांसि: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सरस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन

• वापीः: wells
• वापीः: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वापी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन

• महीं: earth
• महीं: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मही (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• कृत्स्नाम्: entire
• कृत्स्नाम्: Karma-anvayi (कर्मविशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कृत्स्न (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; agrees with महीं

• अपवाहयन्ति: carry away/flood
• अपवाहयन्ति: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अप + वह् (धातु) (णिच् causative)
• Form: लट्-लकार, परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन; णिच् (causative)

Context

'With their big torrents, clouds hanging over the sky, drowning the roar of the sea, make the rivers, ponds, lakes and tanks overflow and flood the entire earth.

Characters & Entities

• Ocean/Sea (samudra)
• Earth (mahī)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is implied as recognition of power and consequence: natural forces, like authority, can nourish or overwhelm; wisdom lies in respecting limits and preparing responsibly.

What is the narrative situation?

The monsoon intensifies; the description emphasizes overflowing waters and the transformed landscape.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Prudence (pramāda-abhāva): the verse implicitly commends alertness to conditions that can rapidly change and affect all.