Shloka 52

वालिनः और्ध्वदैहिकम्

Vali’s Funeral Rites and the Consolation of the Bereaved

Devanagari script

सुग्रीवेणेव दीनेन दीनो भूत्वा महाबलः।समानशोकः काकुत्स्थ: प्रेतकार्याण्यकारयत्4.25.52।।

Transliteration

sugrīveṇeva dīnena dīno bhūtvā mahābalaḥ |

samānaśokaḥ kākutsthaḥ preta-kāryāṇy akārayat || 4.25.52 ||

Translation

พระรามผู้ทรงมหาพละ แห่งวงศ์กากุตสถะ ทรงเศร้าหมองดุจสุครีวะผู้ทุกข์ระทม และทรงมีโศกเดียวกัน จึงโปรดให้ประกอบกิจแห่งผู้ล่วงลับ คือพิธีศพให้สำเร็จ

Word by Word

• सुग्रीवेण: with/like Sugriva
• सुग्रीवेण: Karana (करण) [comparison basis with इव]
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुग्रीव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, तृतीया-विभक्तिः (Instrumental/3rd), एकवचनम्

• इव: as if
• इव: None (न कारकः)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव (अव्यय)
• Form: उपमानार्थक-निपात (particle of comparison) = 'as if/like'

• दीनेन: distressed
• दीनेन: Karana (करण) [with sugrīveṇa as a unit in simile]
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दीन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, तृतीया, एकवचनम्; विशेषणम् (qualifier of सुग्रीवेण) = 'piteous/distressed'

• दीनः: sad
• दीनः: Karta (कर्ता) [qualifier of काकुत्स्थः]
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दीन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा, एकवचनम्; विशेषणम् (of काकुत्स्थः) = 'sad/piteous'

• भूत्वा: having become
• भूत्वा: Kriya (क्रिया) [prior action]
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त अव्ययकृदन्त (absolutive/gerund); धातुः भू = 'having become'

• महाबलः: mighty
• महाबलः: Karta (कर्ता) [qualifier of काकुत्स्थः]
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महा (प्रातिपदिक) + बल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा, एकवचनम्; कर्मधारयसमासः = 'महान् बलः यस्य' (mighty/very strong); विशेषणम् (of काकुत्स्थः)

• समानशोकः: equally sorrowful
• समानशोकः: Karta (कर्ता) [qualifier of काकुत्स्थः]
• Type: Adjective
• Root: समान (प्रातिपदिक) + शोक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा, एकवचनम्; कर्मधारयः = 'समानः शोकः यस्य' (equally sorrowful); विशेषणम् (of काकुत्स्थः)

• काकुत्स्थः: Kakutstha (Rama)
• काकुत्स्थः: Karta (कर्ता) [subject of अकारयत्]
• Type: Noun
• Root: काकुत्स्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा, एकवचनम्; विशेष्य (Rama as descendant of Kakutstha)

• प्रेतकार्याणि: funeral rites
• प्रेतकार्याणि: Karma (कर्म) [object of अकारयत्]
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रेत (प्रातिपदिक) + कार्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गे, द्वितीया, बहुवचनम्; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः = 'प्रेतस्य कार्याणि' (funeral rites); कर्मपदम्

• अकारयत्: caused (them) to be performed
• अकारयत्: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु) + णिच् (causative) → कारय (causative stem)
• Form: लङ्-लकारः (Imperfect/Past), प्रथमपुरुषः (3rd), एकवचनम्; परस्मैपदम्; णिजन्त (causative) = 'caused to be done/ordered'

Context

Mighty Rama, who was equally sorrowful and pitiable as Sugriva, directed the performance of funeral rites.

Characters & Entities

• Rāma (Kākutstha)
• Sugrīva

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma as responsible leadership: even amid grief, Rāma ensures that required rites are properly completed.

What is the narrative situation?

Following Vāli’s death, Rāma shares Sugrīva’s sorrow and oversees the completion of the funeral obligations.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Compassionate steadiness—feeling grief without neglecting duty and order.