Shloka 30

ताराविलापः

Tārā’s Lament over Vāli

Devanagari script

न मे वचः पथ्यमिदं त्वया कृतंन चास्मि शक्ता हि निवारणे तव।हता सपुत्राऽस्मि हतेन संयुगेसह त्वया श्रीर्विजहाति मामिह।।

Transliteration

na me vacaḥ pathyam idaṃ tvayā kṛtaṃ na cāsmi śaktā hi nivāraṇe tava | hatā saputrā 'smi hatena saṃyuge saha tvayā śrīr vijahāti mām iha ||

Translation

ท่านมิได้ทำตามถ้อยคำตักเตือนอันเป็นคุณของข้า และข้าก็มิอาจห้ามปรามท่านได้ บัดนี้เมื่อท่านถูกสังหารในสนามรบ ข้าก็ประหนึ่งถูกทำลายพร้อมบุตรของข้า และพระศรี—สิริมงคลและความรุ่งเรือง—ก็ละทิ้งข้า ณ ที่นี้ไปพร้อมกับท่าน

Word by Word

• na: not
• na: Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: Negation particle

• me: my
• me: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (प्रातिपदिक: अस्मद्)
• Form: Pronoun, Genitive (6th), Singular

• vacaḥ: words/advice
• vacaḥ: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vacas (प्रातिपदिक: वचस्)
• Form: Neuter, Nominative (1st) or Accusative (2nd), Singular; here Nominative as subject of 'kṛtam' (impersonal/passive sense)

• pathyam: wholesome/proper
• pathyam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: pathya (प्रातिपदिक: पथ्य)
• Form: Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular; predicate adjective to 'vacaḥ'

• idam: this
• idam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (प्रातिपदिक: इदम्)
• Form: Pronoun, Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular; deictic with 'vacaḥ'

• tvayā: by you
• tvayā: Kartr̥ (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yusmad (प्रातिपदिक: युष्मद्)
• Form: Pronoun, Instrumental (3rd), Singular

• kṛtam: done/followed
• kṛtam: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: kṛ (धातु: कृ) (कृदन्त)
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त), Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular; with negation: 'not done/followed'

• na: not
• na: Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: Negation particle

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction (समुच्चय)

• asmi: I am
• asmi: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: as (धातु: अस्)
• Form: Laṭ-lakāra (present), Uttama-puruṣa (1st), Singular, Parasmaipada

• śaktā: able
• śaktā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: śakta (कृदन्त: शक्)
• Form: Past participle/क्त 'able'; Feminine, Nominative, Singular; predicate with 'asmi'

• hi: indeed/for
• hi: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: hi (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle (निपात) giving emphasis/causal nuance

• nivāraṇe: in preventing
• nivāraṇe: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nivāraṇa (प्रातिपदिक: निवारण)
• Form: Neuter, Locative (7th), Singular; 'in (the act of) preventing'

• tava: of you/your
• tava: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yusmad (प्रातिपदिक: युष्मद्)
• Form: Pronoun, Genitive (6th), Singular

• hatā: killed/ruined
• hatā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: han (धातु: हन्) (कृदन्त)
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त), Feminine, Nominative, Singular; predicate with 'asmi'

• sa-putrā: together with (my) son
• sa-putrā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sa (अव्यय/उपसर्ग-सदृश) + putra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa (सह/सहित) 'with son'; Feminine, Nominative, Singular; qualifies speaker

• asmi: I am
• asmi: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: as (धातु: अस्)
• Form: Laṭ-lakāra, Uttama-puruṣa, Singular

• hatena: by the slain (one)
• hatena: Karana (करण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: han (धातु: हन्) (कृदन्त)
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त) used substantively 'by the slain one'; Masculine, Instrumental (3rd), Singular

• saṃyuge: in battle
• saṃyuge: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: saṃyuga (प्रातिपदिक: संयुग)
• Form: Masculine, Locative (7th), Singular

• saha: together with
• saha: Sahakāraka (सहकारक)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: saha (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; postposition governing instrumental (तृतीया-योग्य)

• tvayā: with you
• tvayā: Sahakāraka (सहकारक)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yusmad (प्रातिपदिक: युष्मद्)
• Form: Pronoun, Instrumental, Singular

• śrīḥ: fortune/glory
• śrīḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śrī (प्रातिपदिक: श्री)
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• vijahāti: abandons
• vijahāti: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vi+hā (धातु: वि+हा)
• Form: Laṭ-lakāra, Prathama-puruṣa (3rd), Singular, Parasmaipada

• mām: me
• mām: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (प्रातिपदिक: अस्मद्)
• Form: Pronoun, Accusative (2nd), Singular

• iha: here
• iha: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iha (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; adverb of place

Context

'You have not followed my advice. I did not have the capacity to prevent you from going to war. The result is, you are killed and I am ruined along with my son. The goddess of fortune also is deserting me as well as your son.'ityārṣē śrīmadrāmāyaṇē vālmīkīya ādikāvyē kiṣkindhākāṇḍē trayōviṅśassargaḥ৷৷Thus ends the twentythird sarga of Kishkindakanda of the Holy Ramayana, the first epic composed by sage Valmiki.

Characters & Entities

• Tārā
• Vāli
• Aṅgada
• Śrī (Fortune/Prosperity)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Heeding wise counsel is part of dharma; ignoring it leads to cascading harm—personal ruin, family suffering, and the loss of stability and prosperity.

What is the narrative situation?

Tārā laments the outcome of Vāli’s decision to fight: he lies slain, and she foresees devastation for herself and Aṅgada.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Prudent counsel and accountability—Tārā names the ethical failure (not following good advice) while acknowledging her own inability to prevent it.