Shloka 19

ताराविलापः

Tara’s Lament over Vāli

Devanagari script

रामेण हि महत्कर्म कृतं त्वामभिनिघ्नता।आनृण्यं च गतं तस्य सुग्रीवस्य प्रतिश्रवे4.20.19।।

Transliteration

rāmeṇa hi mahat karma kṛtaṃ tvām abhinighnatā |

ānṛṇyaṃ ca gataṃ tasya sugrīvasya pratiśrave ||

Translation

แท้จริง พระรามได้กระทำมหากิจด้วยการปราบท่านลง และด้วยการรักษาสัตยปฏิญาณต่อสุครีว พระองค์ก็พ้นจากหนี้แห่งคำมั่นนั้นด้วย

Word by Word

• रामेण: by Rama
• रामेण: करण (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (करण/Instrumental), एकवचन

• हि: indeed
• हि: सम्बन्ध/निपात (Discourse particle/निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle), अव्यय; emphasis/indeed

• महत्: great
• महत्: विशेषण (Adjectival modifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifier) of कर्म

• कर्म: deed, act
• कर्म: कर्म/विधेय-नाम (Predicate noun/विधेय)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कर्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• कृतम्: done, accomplished
• कृतम्: क्रिया-विशेष (Verbal predicate/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle/क्त), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; कर्म with implied copula

• त्वाम्: you
• त्वाम्: कर्म (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative), एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• अभिनिघ्नता: by killing (you)
• अभिनिघ्नता: करण (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अभि-नि-हन् (धातु) + तृच् (कृदन्त)
• Form: कर्तरि तृच्-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (agent noun/कर्तृवाचक), पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; ‘by (one) killing’ = by the killer

• आनृण्यम्: freedom from debt, discharge of obligation
• आनृण्यम्: कर्ता/विधेय-नाम (Subject/predicate noun)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आनृण्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• च: and
• च: सम्बन्ध/समुच्चय (Connector/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)

• गतम्: has been attained, has come about
• गतम्: क्रिया-विशेष (Verbal predicate/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle/क्त), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; ‘has gone/has been attained’

• तस्य: of him, his
• तस्य: सम्बन्ध (Possessor/षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive), एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• सुग्रीवस्य: of Sugriva
• सुग्रीवस्य: सम्बन्ध (Possessor/षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुग्रीव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive), एकवचन

• प्रतिश्रवे: in (fulfilment of) the promise
• प्रतिश्रवे: अधिकरण (Locus/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रतिश्रव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/अधिकरण), एकवचन; ‘in/with regard to the promise’

Context

Beholding Vali, the lord of monkeys, who was strong as an elephant, splendid as a mountain, fallen down like an uprooted tree, struck by the arrow, Tara became restless and wailed bitterly:

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Sugrīva
• Vāli

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Satya (truthfulness) as dharma: a pledged word creates moral debt, and fulfilling it—however severe the act—discharges that obligation.

What is the narrative situation?

As Vāli lies dying, Tārā comments on Rāma’s action as fulfillment of his promise to aid Sugrīva.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Rāma’s commitment to keeping his word (pratiśrava), framed as a serious moral obligation.