Shloka 8

Saptajana-āśrama Darśana and the Approach to Kiṣkindhā

Hermitage of Seven Sages; March toward Vāli’s Capital

Devanagari script

कारण्डैस्सारसैर्हंसैर्वञ्जुलैर्जलकुक्कुटैः।चक्रवाकै स्तथा चान्यैश्शकुनैः रुपनादितान्।।

Transliteration

kāraṇḍais sārasair haṃsair vañjulair jalakukkuṭaiḥ | cakravākais tathā cānyaiḥ śakunaiḥ rūpanāditān ||

Translation

พวกเขาเห็นสายน้ำที่กังวานดุจบทเพลง ด้วยเสียงของนกการัณฑะ นกกระเรียนสารส หงส์ นกวัญชุละ นกน้ำ และนกจักรวากะ ตลอดจนนกอื่นๆ อีกมาก ที่ขับขานเสียงไพเราะงดงาม

Word by Word

• कारण्डैः: with kāraṇḍa-ducks
• कारण्डैः: करण (Karaṇa)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कारण्ड (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन

• सारसैः: with cranes
• सारसैः: करण (Karaṇa)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सारस (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन

• हंसैः: with swans
• हंसैः: करण (Karaṇa)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हंस (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन

• वञ्जुलैः: with vañjula-birds
• वञ्जुलैः: करण (Karaṇa)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वञ्जुल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन

• जलकुक्कुटैः: with waterfowl
• जलकुक्कुटैः: करण (Karaṇa)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जल-कुक्कुट (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुषसमासः (जले कुक्कुटाः); पुल्लिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन

• चक्रवाकैः: with cakravāka-birds
• चक्रवाकैः: करण (Karaṇa)
• Type: Noun
• Root: चक्रवाक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन

• तथा: likewise
• तथा: निपात (Adverb)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; ‘likewise’

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (Coordination)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय

• अन्यैः: with other
• अन्यैः: करण-विशेषण (Karaṇa-viśeṣaṇa)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अन्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन (शकुनैः इति विशेषण)

• शकुनैः: with birds
• शकुनैः: करण (Karaṇa)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शकुनि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन

• रूपनादितान्: resounding melodiously
• रूपनादितान्: कर्म-विशेषण (Karma-viśeṣaṇa)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: रूप-नादित (प्रातिपदिक; नादित < नद् (धातु) णिच् + क्त)
• Form: तत्पुरुषसमासः (रूपेण/रुचिरया ध्वन्या नादितान् = sweetly resounding); क्त-प्रत्ययान्त; पुल्लिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन (तटाकान्/सरितः इत्यादि दृश्यवस्तूनि विशेषयति—सन्दर्भानुसारं)

Context

Ducks, cranes, swans, vanjulas, waterfowls, chakravakas and other birds warbling melodiously.

Characters & Entities

• sārasa (crane)
• haṃsa (swan)
• vañjula (bird)
• cakravāka (bird)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma here is implicit: the world is shown as orderly and harmonious, supporting righteous endeavor. The calm, well-ordered natural setting frames the heroes’ disciplined pursuit of their duty.

What is the narrative situation?

During the forest movement/search phase, the text pauses to depict a vibrant landscape filled with birdsong, emphasizing the journey’s setting.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Steadiness and attentiveness: the travelers remain observant and composed, moving through nature while committed to their larger purpose.