Shloka 7

द्वादशः सर्गः — Rama’s Proof of Power, the First Duel, and the Identification Mark

Kishkindha Kanda, Sarga 12

Devanagari script

इदं चोवाच धर्मज्ञं कर्मणा तेन हर्षितः।रामं सर्वास्त्रविदुषां श्रेष्ठं शूरमवस्थितम्4.12.7।।

Transliteration

idaṃ covāca dharmajñaṃ karmaṇā tena harṣitaḥ |

rāmaṃ sarvāstraviduṣāṃ śreṣṭhaṃ śūram avasthitam ||

Translation

เมื่อยินดีด้วยการกระทำนั้น เขาจึงกล่าวถ้อยคำนี้แด่พระราม ผู้รู้ธรรม ผู้ยืนมั่นคงอยู่ ณ ที่นั้น เป็นยอดแห่งผู้รู้ศัสตราวุธทั้งปวง และเป็นวีรบุรุษผู้กล้าหาญ

Word by Word

• idam: this
• idam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (कर्म), एकवचन; 'this (speech)'

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय

• uvāca: said
• uvāca: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √vac (वच्)
• Form: लिट् (परोक्षभूत/Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• dharma-jñam: knower of dharma
• dharma-jñam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: dharma (प्रातिपदिक) + jña (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √jñā ज्ञा)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (धर्मं जानाति इति); पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (कर्म), एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifying rāmaṃ)

• karmaṇā: by the deed
• karmaṇā: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: karman (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (करण), एकवचन

• tena: by that
• tena: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग/पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (करण), एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• harṣitaḥ: delighted
• harṣitaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: √hṛṣ (हृष्)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; भूतकृदन्त

• rāmam: Rāma
• rāmam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāma (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (कर्म), एकवचन

• sarva-astra-viduṣām: of all weapon-experts
• sarva-astra-viduṣām: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sarva (प्रातिपदिक) + astra (प्रातिपदिक) + vidvas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (सर्वाणि अस्त्राणि वेत्ति इति विद्वान्; तेषां); पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (सम्बन्ध), बहुवचन

• śreṣṭham: the best
• śreṣṭham: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: śreṣṭha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifying rāmaṃ)

• śūram: valiant
• śūram: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: śūra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण

• avasthitam: standing/remaining (there)
• avasthitam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ava-√sthā (स्था)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; भूतकृदन्त (past participle) used adjectivally for rāmaṃ

Context

Sugriva who stood by, elated to watch the deed of Rama, best among the valiant, proficient in the use of arms of all kinds and knower of dharma, said:

Characters & Entities

• Sugriva (implied as speaker-to-be)
• Rama

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

True strength is framed as dharma-guided: mastery of arms is praised when joined to righteousness and self-control.

What is the narrative situation?

The narration introduces Sugrīva’s forthcoming speech after he has been heartened by Rāma’s demonstration.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Rāma’s integrated excellence—valor and expertise anchored in dharma (righteous discernment).