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Shloka 87

दुन्दुभिवधप्रसङ्गः

The Dundubhi Episode and the Proof of Rama’s Prowess

आर्द्रस्समांसः प्रत्यग्रः क्षिप्तः कायः पुरा सखे4.11.87।।लघुस्सम्प्रति निर्मांस स्तृणभूतश्च राघव।परिश्रान्तेन मत्तेन भ्रात्रा मे वालिना तदा4.11.88।।क्षिप्तमेवं प्रहर्षेण भवता रघुनन्दन।

ārdras samāṁsaḥ pratyagraḥ kṣiptaḥ kāyaḥ purā sakhe |

laghuḥ samprati nirmāṁsaḥ tṛṇa-bhūtaś ca rāghava |

pariśrāntena mattena bhrātrā me vālinā tadā |

kṣiptam evaṁ praharṣeṇa bhavatā raghu-nandana ||

สุครีพกล่าวว่า “สหายเอ๋ย กาลก่อนกายนี้ถูกเหวี่ยงเมื่อยังสด ชุ่ม และเต็มด้วยเนื้อ แต่บัดนี้ โอ้ราฆวะ มันไร้เนื้อและเบาดุจปอยหญ้า ครั้งนั้นพี่ชายของข้า วาลี ผู้เหนื่อยล้าและมึนเมา ได้เหวี่ยงมันด้วยความเริงใจ; ส่วนท่าน โอ้ความปีติแห่งวงศ์รฆุ บัดนี้กลับเหวี่ยงมันราวกับเป็นเพียงการเล่น”

आर्द्रःwet, moist
आर्द्रः:
कर्तृ-विशेषणम् (qualifier of subject)
TypeAdjective
Rootआर्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formविशेषणम्; पुंलिङ्गः; प्रथमा-विभक्तिः; एकवचनम् (adjective; masculine; nominative; singular)
समांसःwith flesh
समांसः:
कर्तृ-विशेषणम्
TypeAdjective
Rootसमांस (प्रातिपदिक)
Formविशेषणम्; पुंलिङ्गः; प्रथमा-विभक्तिः; एकवचनम् (adjective; masculine; nominative; singular)
प्रत्यग्रःfresh, new
प्रत्यग्रः:
कर्तृ-विशेषणम्
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रत्यग्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formविशेषणम्; पुंलिङ्गः; प्रथमा-विभक्तिः; एकवचनम् (adjective; masculine; nominative; singular)
क्षिप्तःflung, thrown
क्षिप्तः:
कर्म-विशेषणम् (predicate/qualifier of body as object)
TypeVerb
Rootक्षिप् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त-प्रत्यय)
Formभूतकर्मणि कृदन्तः (क्त-प्रत्ययान्तः); पुंलिङ्गः; प्रथमा-विभक्तिः; एकवचनम् (past passive participle; masculine; nominative; singular)
कायःbody
कायः:
कर्ता (subject)
TypeNoun
Rootकाय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गः; प्रथमा-विभक्तिः; एकवचनम् (masculine; nominative; singular)
पुराformerly, earlier
पुरा:
क्रियाविशेषणम् (time)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुरा (अव्यय)
Formकालवाचक-अव्ययम् (temporal adverb)
सखेO friend
सखे:
सम्बोधनम् (address)
TypeNoun
Rootसखि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गः; सम्बोधन-विभक्तिः; एकवचनम् (masculine; vocative; singular)
लघुःlight (in weight)
लघुः:
कर्तृ-विशेषणम् (qualifier of body)
TypeAdjective
Rootलघु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formविशेषणम्; पुंलिङ्गः; प्रथमा-विभक्तिः; एकवचनम् (adjective; masculine; nominative; singular)
सम्प्रतिnow, at present
सम्प्रति:
क्रियाविशेषणम् (time)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसम्प्रति (अव्यय)
Formकालवाचक-अव्ययम् (temporal adverb)
निर्मांसःwithout flesh
निर्मांसः:
कर्तृ-विशेषणम्
TypeAdjective
Rootनिर्मांस (प्रातिपदिक)
Formविशेषणम्; पुंलिङ्गः; प्रथमा-विभक्तिः; एकवचनम् (adjective; masculine; nominative; singular)
तृणभूतःbecome like grass, grass-like
तृणभूतः:
कर्तृ-विशेषणम्
TypeAdjective
Rootतृण (प्रातिपदिक) + भूत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसमासः (तत्पुरुषः: तृणवत् भूतः); विशेषणम्; पुंलिङ्गः; प्रथमा-विभक्तिः; एकवचनम् (tatpurusha compound; adjective; masculine; nominative; singular)
and
:
समुच्चय (connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयबोधक-अव्ययम् (conjunction)
राघवO Rāghava
राघव:
सम्बोधनम्
TypeNoun
Rootराघव (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गः; सम्बोधन-विभक्तिः; एकवचनम् (masculine; vocative; singular)
परिश्रान्तेनby the exhausted (one)
परिश्रान्तेन:
करणम्/हेतुः (agent/instrumental qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootपरि-श्रान्त (प्रातिपदिक/कृदन्ताधारित)
Formविशेषणम्; पुंलिङ्गः; तृतीया-विभक्तिः; एकवचनम् (adjective; masculine; instrumental; singular)
मत्तेनby the intoxicated (one)
मत्तेन:
करणम्/हेतुः (agent/instrumental qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootमत्त (प्रातिपदिक)
Formविशेषणम्; पुंलिङ्गः; तृतीया-विभक्तिः; एकवचनम् (adjective; masculine; instrumental; singular)
भ्रात्राby (my) brother
भ्रात्रा:
कर्ता (agent in passive sense)
TypeNoun
Rootभ्रातृ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गः; तृतीया-विभक्तिः; एकवचनम् (masculine; instrumental; singular)
मेof me, my
मे:
सम्बन्धः (possessor)
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम; षष्ठी-विभक्तिः; एकवचनम् (pronoun; genitive; singular)
वालिनाby Vāli
वालिना:
कर्ता (agent in passive sense; apposition to भ्रात्रा)
TypeNoun
Rootवालिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गः; तृतीया-विभक्तिः; एकवचनम् (masculine; instrumental; singular)
तदाthen, at that time
तदा:
क्रियाविशेषणम् (time)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा (अव्यय)
Formकालवाचक-अव्ययम् (temporal adverb)
क्षिप्तम्(was) thrown
क्षिप्तम्:
कर्म (object; understood 'माम्/देहम्' etc. as thrown)
TypeVerb
Rootक्षिप् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त-प्रत्यय)
Formभूतकर्मणि कृदन्तः (क्त-प्रत्ययान्तः); नपुंसकलिङ्गः; प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्तिः; एकवचनम् (past passive participle; neuter; nominative/accusative; singular)
एवम्thus, in this way
एवम्:
क्रियाविशेषणम् (manner)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम् (अव्यय)
Formप्रकारवाचक-अव्ययम् (manner adverb)
प्रहर्षेणwith delight, playfully
प्रहर्षेण:
करणम् (manner)
TypeNoun
Rootप्रहर्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गः; तृतीया-विभक्तिः; एकवचनम् (masculine; instrumental; singular); भाववाचक-करणम् (instrumental of manner)
भवताby you
भवता:
कर्ता (agent in passive sense)
TypeNoun
Rootभवत् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम; पुंलिङ्गः; तृतीया-विभक्तिः; एकवचनम् (pronoun; masculine; instrumental; singular)
रघुनन्दनO delight of the Raghu race
रघुनन्दन:
सम्बोधनम्
TypeNoun
Rootरघु (प्रातिपदिक) + नन्दन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसमासः (तत्पुरुषः: रघोः नन्दनः); पुंलिङ्गः; सम्बोधन-विभक्तिः; एकवचनम् (tatpurusha compound; masculine; vocative; singular)

'O friend, when Vali my brother flung the body, he was tired and intoxicated and the body was fresh with flesh (meaning heavy), but now, O Delight of the Raghu race, it is fleshless and light like a bunch of (dry) grass (for) which you could throw it playfully.

S
Sugriva
R
Rama (Raghava, Raghunandana)
L
Lakshmana (implied by context)
V
Vali
D
Dundubhi

FAQs

Dharma as truthfulness in assessment: Sugrīva insists on honest standards of evidence, refusing to draw a misleading conclusion from an unequal comparison.

Sugrīva explains that Rama’s throw, though impressive, is not directly comparable to Vali’s earlier feat because the corpse is now dried and far lighter.

Sugrīva’s satya (candour) and nīti (strategic prudence): he speaks plainly even when praising Rama, prioritizing accurate judgment over flattery.