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Shloka 52

दुन्दुभिवधप्रसङ्गः

The Dundubhi Episode and the Proof of Rama’s Prowess

स तु विज्ञाय तपसा वानरेण कृतं हि तत्।उत्ससर्ज महाशापं क्षेप्तारं वालिनं प्रति4.11.52।।

sa tu vijñāya tapasā vānarena kṛtaṃ hi tat |

utsasarja mahāśāpaṃ kṣeptāraṃ vālinam prati || 4.11.52 ||

ครั้นรู้ด้วยญาณแห่งตบะว่า กรรมนั้นวานรเป็นผู้กระทำ ฤๅษีก็ประกาศคำสาปอันใหญ่หลวงต่อวาลี ผู้เป็นผู้ขว้างนั้น

सःhe
सः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
तुindeed
तु:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (particle)
विज्ञायhaving known
विज्ञाय:
Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootवि-√ज्ञा (धातु)
Formकृदन्त (ल्यप्/absolutive), 'having known'
तपसाby ascetic power
तपसा:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootतपस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (करण), एकवचन; 'by ascetic power/penance'
वानरेणby the monkey
वानरेण:
Kartr (कर्ता/agent in passive)
TypeNoun
Rootवानर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (करण), एकवचन; 'by a monkey'
कृतम्done
कृतम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeVerb
Root√कृ (धातु)
Formकृदन्त (क्त-प्रत्ययान्त/PPP), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; here predicate with तत्: 'done'
हिindeed
हि:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि (अव्यय)
Formनिश्चयार्थक-अव्यय (indeed/for)
तत्that
तत्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; 'that (act)'
उत्ससर्जuttered
उत्ससर्ज:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootउद्-√सृज् (धातु)
Formलिट्-लकार (Perfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन; 'sent forth/uttered'
महा-शापम्a great curse
महा-शापम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootमहा (प्रातिपदिक) + शाप (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; 'great curse'
क्षेप्तारम्the hurler
क्षेप्तारम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Root√क्षिप् (धातु)
Formकृदन्त (तृ-प्रत्ययान्त/agent noun), पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; 'the thrower'
वालिनम्Vali
वालिनम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootवालिन्/वालि (प्रातिपदिक; proper noun)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; in apposition to क्षेप्तारम्
प्रतिtowards
प्रति:
Disha (दिशा/goal)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्रति (अव्यय)
Formउपसर्ग/अव्यय (towards), governs accusative

'Having known through his ascetic vision that it was the act of a monkey, he pronounced a curse on Vali who had hurled (the body):

V
Vāli
S
sage (ascetic power: tapas)
C
curse (śāpa)

FAQs

Spiritual authority responds to desecration: when power violates dharma, a corrective sanction (śāpa) functions as moral boundary-setting.

The sage identifies the offender through tapas and directs the consequence specifically at Vāli, who caused the pollution.

Moral discernment and impartial justice—punishment is aimed at the actual perpetrator, not indiscriminately.