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Shloka 46

दुन्दुभिवधप्रसङ्गः

The Dundubhi Episode and the Proof of Rama’s Prowess

व्यापारवीर्यधैर्यैश्च परिक्षीणं पराक्रमैः।तं तु दुन्दुभिमुद्यम्य धरण्यामभ्यपातयत्।।4.11.45।।युद्धे प्राणहरे तस्मिन्निष्पिष्टो दुन्दुभिस्तदा।पपात च महाकायः क्षितौ पञ्चत्वमागतः4.11.46।।

vyāpāravīryadhairyaiś ca parikṣīṇaṃ parākramaiḥ |

taṃ tu dundubhim udyamya dharaṇyām abhyapātayat || 4.11.45 ||

yuddhe prāṇahare tasmin niṣpiṣṭo dundubhis tadā |

papāta ca mahākāyaḥ kṣitau pañcatvam āgataḥ || 4.11.46 ||

ครั้นเมื่อความเพียร พละกำลัง ความกล้าหาญ และเดชของทุณฑุภีร่อยหรอสิ้นลง วาลีก็ยกเขาขึ้นแล้วฟาดลงสู่พื้นดิน ในศึกอันคร่าชีวิตนั้น ทุณฑุภีถูกบดขยี้ ร่างมหึมาล้มลงสู่แผ่นดินและถึงกาลดับสูญ กลับคืนสู่ธาตุทั้งห้า

युद्धेin battle
युद्धे:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootयुद्ध (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (अधिकरण), एकवचन; Locative singular
प्राण-हरेdeadly (life-taking)
प्राण-हरे:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootप्राण (प्रातिपदिक) + हर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (प्राणान् हरति इति) 'life-taking'; agrees with 'युद्धे'
तस्मिन्in that
तस्मिन्:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुं/नपुंसक, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Locative 'in that'
निष्पिष्टःcrushed
निष्पिष्टः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootनिस्-√पिष् (धातु)
Formकृदन्त (क्त-प्रत्ययान्त/PPP), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; 'crushed'
दुन्दुभिःDundubhi
दुन्दुभिः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootदुन्दुभि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Subject
तदाthen
तदा:
Kala (काल)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा (अव्यय)
Formकालवाचक-अव्यय (temporal adverb)
पपातfell
पपात:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√पत् (धातु)
Formलिट्-लकार (परोक्श-भूत/Perfect; narrative past), परस्मैपद, प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)
महा-कायःhuge-bodied
महा-कायः:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootमहा (प्रातिपदिक) + काय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; कर्मधारयः 'great-bodied/huge' (qualifies दुन्दुभिः)
क्षितौon the earth
क्षितौ:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootक्षिति (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (अधिकरण), एकवचन; Locative singular
पञ्चत्वम्death (lit. fivefold state)
पञ्चत्वम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootपञ्चत्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; 'state of five elements' (death)
आगतःhaving reached / become
आगतः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Rootआ-√गम् (धातु)
Formकृदन्त (क्त-प्रत्ययान्त/PPP used adjectivally), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; 'having reached/come to' (i.e., became)

In the fight, Dundubhi fell down, with his strength, courage and prowess dwindled. Vali lifted his huge body and dashed it down on the ground. The body of Dundubhi dissolved into the five elements.

V
Vālī
D
Dundubhi

FAQs

The verse foregrounds mortality and consequence: life ends, bodies return to elements. A dharma-centered reading urges restraint and responsibility in the use of force, because death is irreversible and ethically weighty.

The duel concludes: Dundubhi’s capacities fail, Vālī delivers the crushing final blow, and Dundubhi dies.

Decisiveness and overpowering might; at the same time, the scene implicitly raises the epic’s recurring question of how power should be morally governed.