Shloka 117

Devanagari script

यदि गच्छति पातालं ततोऽभ्यधिकमेव वा।सर्वथा रावणस्तावन्न भविष्यति राघव।।।।

Transliteration

yadi gacchati pātālaṃ tato 'bhyadhikam eva vā | sarvathā rāvaṇas tāvan na bhaviṣyati rāghava ||

Translation

ถึงแม้ราวณะจะหนีลงสู่ปาตาล หรือดำดิ่งลึกยิ่งกว่านั้นก็ตาม โอ้ราฆวะ เขาย่อมไม่อาจดำรงอยู่ได้ไม่ว่ากรณีใด

Word by Word

• यदि: if
• यदि: सम्बन्ध (Condition marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यदि (अव्यय)
• Form: शर्त-अव्यय (conditional particle)

• गच्छति: goes
• गच्छति: क्रिया (Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √गम् (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• पातालम्: to the underworld
• पातालम्: कर्म (Goal as object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पाताल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया विभक्ति, एकवचन

• ततः: from there, beyond that
• ततः: सम्बन्ध (Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (अव्यय)
• Form: देश/क्रम-अव्यय (from there/thereafter)

• अभ्यधिकम्: to an even further/lower region
• अभ्यधिकम्: कर्म (Goal)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अभ्यधिक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण (implicit गमन-स्थानम्)

• एव: indeed, even
• एव: सम्बन्ध (Particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अवधारण-अव्यय (emphatic)

• वा: or
• वा: समुच्चय/विकल्प (Disjunction)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वा (अव्यय)
• Form: विकल्प-अव्यय (or)

• सर्वथा: in any case
• सर्वथा: प्रकार (Manner)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सर्वथा (अव्यय)
• Form: प्रकार-अव्यय (in every way)

• रावणः: Rāvaṇa
• रावणः: कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रावण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन

• तावत्: so long, until then
• तावत्: काल/अवधि (Limit)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तावत् (अव्यय)
• Form: परिमाण/अवधि-अव्यय (so long/as much)

• न: not
• न: निषेध (Negation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेध-अव्यय

• भविष्यति: will be / will survive
• भविष्यति: क्रिया (Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √भू (धातु)
• Form: लृट्-लकार (Simple Future), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• राघव: O Rāghava (Rāma)
• राघव: सम्बोधन (Address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राघव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन

Context

'Even if Ravana escapes into the nether world or into a world still lower, he cannot save himself by any means, O Rama !

Characters & Entities

• Rama (Raghava)
• Lakshmana
• Ravana
• Patala (underworld)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Adharma ultimately has no refuge: wrongdoing (Ravana’s abduction) invites inevitable accountability, reinforcing moral order.

What is the narrative situation?

Lakshmana strengthens Rama’s determination by asserting that Ravana cannot escape the consequences of his crime.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Righteous certainty and courage—confidence that justice will prevail when pursued with steadfast effort.