Shloka 103

पम्पा

तीर-वर्णनम् / Rama’s Lament at Pampa and the Approach to Rishyamuka

Devanagari script

जीवेयं खलु सौमित्रे मया सह सुमध्यमा।सेवते यदि वैदेही पम्पायाः पवनं सुखम्।।।।

Transliteration

jīveyaṁ khalu saumitre mayā saha sumadhyamā |

sevate yadi vaidehī pampāyāḥ pavanaṁ sukham || 4.1.103 ||

Translation

โอ้เสามิตรี แท้จริงเราจักดำรงชีวิตได้ หากไวเทหีผู้เอวอรชรอยู่กับเรา และได้เสวยลมอันรื่นรมย์จากปัมปา

Word by Word

• jīveyam: may I live
• jīveyam: Kriyā (क्रिया/Predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √jīv (धातु)
• Form: Lakāra: Liṅ (लिङ्/Optative), Uttama-puruṣa (1st person/उत्तमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन); Parasmaipada

• khalu: indeed, surely
• khalu: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Discourse particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: khalu (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle (निपात; emphasis/assurance)

• saumitre: O Saumitri (Lakṣmaṇa)
• saumitre: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: saumitra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Vocative (8th/सम्बोधन), Singular (एकवचन)

• mayā: with me
• mayā: Sahakāraka (सह/Association)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• saha: together with
• saha: Sahakāraka (सह/Association)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: saha (अव्यय)
• Form: Preposition-like indeclinable (सह = with)

• sumadhyamā: the slender-waisted lady
• sumadhyamā: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: su (उपसर्ग/प्रत्ययार्थ) + madhyamā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); used as epithet of Sītā

• sevate: enjoys, resorts to
• sevate: Kriyā (क्रिया/Predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √sev (धातु)
• Form: Lakāra: Laṭ (लट्/Present), Prathama-puruṣa (3rd person/प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन); Ātmanepada

• yadi: if
• yadi: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Condition marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yadi (अव्यय)
• Form: Conditional particle (शर्तबोधक)

• vaidehī: Vaidehī (Sītā)
• vaidehī: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vaidehī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• pampāyāḥ: of Pampā
• pampāyāḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pampā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन)

• pavanam: breeze
• pavanam: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pavana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• sukham: pleasant
• sukham: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sukha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); used adverbially/qualifying 'pavanam' as pleasant

Context

'O Saumitri! I can be alive and happy if Sita of slender waist enjoys here with me the sweet breeze of Pampa.

Characters & Entities

• Rama
• Lakshmana
• Sita (Vaidehi)
• Pampā (lake/region)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

It emphasizes marital fidelity as a dharmic anchor: Rama’s happiness is ethically rooted in shared life with Sita, not in solitary enjoyment.

What is the narrative situation?

Near Pampā, Rama expresses to Lakshmana that the landscape’s pleasures become meaningful only if Sita is present.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Single-minded devotion (ananyatā) to Sita, reflecting the Ramayana’s ideal of steadfast conjugal dharma.